Changes in the composition of the human fecal microbiome following bacteriotherapy for recurrent Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea

Khoruts, A; Dicksved, J; Jansson, J K; Sadowsky, M J

doi:10.1097/MCG.0b013e3181c87e02

Changes in the composition of the human fecal microbiome following bacteriotherapy for recurrent Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea

Journal Article · Sat May 01 04:00:00 EDT 2010 · Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1097/MCG.0b013e3181c87e02· OSTI ID:979919

Khoruts, A; Dicksved, J; Jansson, J K; Sadowsky, M J

CDAD is the major known cause of antibiotic-induced diarrhea and colitis, and the disease is thought to result from persistent disruption of commensal gut microbiota. Bacteriotherapy by way of fecal transplantation can be used to treat recurrent CDAD and is thought to re-establish the normal colonic microflora. However, limitations of conventional microbiologic techniques have until recently precluded testing of this idea. In this study we used T-RFLP and 16S rRNA gene sequencing approaches to characterize the bacterial composition of the colonic microflora in a patient suffering from recurrent CDAD, before and after treatment by fecal transplantation from a healthy donor. While the patient's residual colonic microbiota, prior to therapy, was deficient in members of the bacterial divisions-Firmicutes and Bacteriodetes, transplantation had a dramatic impact on the composition of the patient's gut microbiota. By 14 days post transplantation, the fecal bacterial composition of the recipient was highly similar to the donor and was dominated by Bacteroides spp. strains and an uncharacterized butyrate producing bacterium. The change in bacterial composition was accompanied by resolution of the patient's symptoms. The striking similarity of the recipient's and donor's intestinal microbiota following bacteriotherapy suggests that the donor's bacteria quickly occupied their requisite niches, resulting in restoration of both the structure and function of the microbial communities present.

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Research Organization:: Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA (US)

Sponsoring Organization:: Earth Sciences Division

DOE Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 979919

Report Number(s):: LBNL-2887E

Journal Information:: Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology, Journal Name: Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Changes in the composition of the human fecal microbiome following bacteriotherapy for recurrent Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea

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