Low-volume, high-sensitivity assay for cadmium in blood and urine using conventional atomic absorption spectrophotometry.
An assay for cadmium in whole blood and urine using deuterium background-correction electrothermal atomic absorption spectroscopy (D2-ETAAS) was developed. Cadmium (in a 1- to 2-ml sample) was bound to 15 mg anion-exchange resin, interfering ions were removed in a 2-ml Bio-Spin column, and cadmium was extracted into 100 {mu}l 1 M nitric acid for analysis. Cadmium in the sample extract was concentrated 7-fold for blood and 10-fold for urine over the starting material. These steps produced cadmium atomic absorption traces with high signal to background ratios and allowed analysis against aqueous standards. At {approx}0.1 ng Cd/ml, mean intra- and interassay coefficients of variation were 11-12%. Cadmium recovery for 0.1 to 0.6 ng added cadmium was 107{+-}4% for blood and 94{+-}4% for urine (mean{+-}SE, n=3). The mean detection limit (mean + 3x SD of blank) was 0.008 ng/ml for blood and 0.003 ng/ml for urine. Samples from 'unexposed' animals including humans ranged from 0.051{+-}0.000 to 0.229{+-}0.035 ng/ml. Values were approximately 10-fold lower than those obtained by the method of Stoeppler and Brandt using Zeeman background-correction ETAAS. This new high-sensitivity, low-volume assay will be useful for epidemiological studies, even those involving children, and will provide a means to help determine the contribution of cadmium to disease incidence in the general population.
- Research Organization:
- Argonne National Laboratory (ANL)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- SC; NIH
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC02-06CH11357
- OSTI ID:
- 949665
- Report Number(s):
- ANL/BIO/JA-43104
- Journal Information:
- Anal. Biochem., Journal Name: Anal. Biochem. Journal Issue: 2 ; Mar. 15, 2003 Vol. 314; ISSN ANBCA2; ISSN 0003-2697
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- ENGLISH
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