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Method for separating metal chelates from other materials based on solubilities in supercritical fluids

Patent ·
OSTI ID:873552
 [1];  [2];  [1]
  1. Moscow, ID
  2. Workington, GB
+ Show Author Affiliations

A method for separating a desired metal or metalloi from impurities using a supercritical extraction process based on solubility differences between the components, as well as the ability to vary the solvent power of the supercritical fluid, is described. The use of adduct-forming agents, such as phosphorous-containing ligands, to separate metal or metalloid chelates in such processes is further disclosed. In preferred embodiments, the extraction solvent is supercritical carbon dioxide and the chelating agent is selected from the group consisting of .beta.-diketones; phosphine oxides, such as trialkylphosphine oxides, triarylphosphine oxides and alkylarylphosphine oxides; phosphinic acids; carboxylic acids; phosphates, such as trialkylphosphates, triarylphosphates and alkylarylphosphates; crown ethers; dithiocarbamates; phosphine sulfides; phosphorothioic acids; thiophosphinic acids; halogenated analogs of these chelating agents; and mixtures of these chelating agents. In especially preferred embodiments, at least one of the chelating agents is fluorinated.

Research Organization:
University of Idaho
DOE Contract Number:
FG02-91ER75679
Assignee:
Idaho Research Foundation, Inc. (Moscow, ID)
Patent Number(s):
US 6187911
OSTI ID:
873552
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (21)

The Extraction of Americium and Light Lanthanides by HDEHDTP and Cyanex 302 journal January 1995
The Extraction of some base Metal ions by Cyanex 30l Cyanex 302 and Their Binary Extractant Mixtures with Aliquat 336 journal December 1992
Tri-n-octylphosphine sulfide: journal January 1965
The Separation of Americium from Light Lanthanides by Cyanex 301 Extraction journal January 1995
Enhanced extraction of lanthanides with crown ether carboxylic acids of increasing lipophilicity journal January 1989
Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Thorium and Uranium Ions from Solid and Liquid Materials with Fluorinated .beta.-Diketones and Tributyl Phosphate journal June 1994
Solvent extraction of copper by Cyanex 272, Cyanex 302 and Cyanex 301 journal February 1995
Solvent extraction of lanthanides with a crown ether carboxylic acid journal December 1986
Solvent extraction of dithiocarbamate complexes and back-extraction with mercury(II) for determination of trace metals in seawater by atomic absorption spectrometry journal December 1982
Supercritical fluid extraction and chromatography of metal chelates and organometallic compounds journal March 1995
Determination of organotin compounds in environmental samples by supercritical fluid extraction and gas chromatography with atomic emission detection journal February 1993
Cobalt-nickel separation: the extraction of cobalt(II) and nickel(II) by Cyanex 301, Cyanex 302 and Cyanex 272 journal April 1993
Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Lanthanides with Fluorinated .beta.-Diketones and Tributyl Phosphate journal July 1994
High solubility of UO2(NO3)2·2TBP complex in supercritical CO2 journal January 1998
Observations on the solubility of surfactants and related molecules in carbon dioxide at 50°C journal June 1990
Supercritical fluid extraction of lanthanides and actinides from solid materials with a fluorinated .beta.-diketone journal September 1993
Extraction of Toxic Heavy Metals Using Supercritical Fluid Carbon Dioxide Containing Organophosphorus Reagents journal May 1997
Metal-chelate gas-chromatography for trace element analysis journal January 1982
Determination of an organotin stabilizer in a rigid poly(vinyl chloride) plastic by on-line supercritical fluid extraction and chromatography with formic acid modified carbon dioxide and flame ionization detection journal March 1993
Supercritical fluid extraction of organic and inorganic mercury from solid materials journal September 1993
Determination of Metals in Solid Samples by Complexation--Supercritical Fluid Extraction and Gas Chromatography--Atomic Emission Detection journal August 1993

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Related Subjects

-diketones
/999/210/423/
ability
acids
adduct-forming
agent
agents
alkylarylphosphates
alkylarylphosphine
analogs
based
beta
carbon
carbon dioxide
carboxylic
carboxylic acid
carboxylic acids
chelates
chelating
chelating agent
chelating agents
components
consisting
crown
crown ethers
described
desired
desired metal
differences
dioxide
disclosed
dithiocarbamates
embodiments
especially
especially preferred
ethers
extraction
extraction process
extraction solvent
fluid
fluids
fluorinated
forming agent
halogenated
impurities
ligands
materials
materials based
metal
metal chelate
metal chelates
metalloi
metalloid
method
mixtures
oxides
phosphates
phosphine
phosphine oxide
phosphine oxides
phosphinic
phosphinic acid
phosphorothioic
phosphorous-containing
power
preferred
preferred embodiment
preferred embodiments
process
process based
processes
selected
separate
separate metal
separating
separating metal
solubilities
solubility
solvent
sulfides
supercritical
supercritical carbon
supercritical extraction
supercritical fluid
supercritical fluids
thiophosphinic
trialkylphosphates
trialkylphosphine
trialkylphosphine oxide
triarylphosphates
triarylphosphine
vary