Extraction of metals using supercritical fluid and chelate forming legand
- Moscow, ID
- Los Alamos, NM
A method of extracting metalloid and metal species from a solid or liquid material by exposing the material to a supercritical fluid solvent containing a chelating agent is described. The chelating agent forms chelates that are soluble in the supercritical fluid to allow removal of the species from the material. In preferred embodiments, the extraction solvent is supercritical carbon dioxide and the chelating agent is a fluorinated .beta.-diketone. In especially preferred embodiments the extraction solvent is supercritical carbon dioxide, and the chelating agent comprises a fluorinated .beta.-diketone and a trialkyl phosphate, or a fluorinated .beta.-diketone and a trialkylphosphine oxide. Although a trialkyl phosphate can extract lanthanides and actinides from acidic solutions, a binary mixture comprising a fluorinated .beta.-diketone and a trialkyl phosphate or a trialkylphosphine oxide tends to enhance the extraction efficiencies for actinides and lanthanides. The method provides an environmentally benign process for removing contaminants from industrial waste without using acids or biologically harmful solvents. The method is particularly useful for extracting actinides and lanthanides from acidic solutions. The chelate and supercritical fluid can be regenerated, and the contaminant species recovered, to provide an economic, efficient process.
- Assignee:
- Idaho Research Foundation, Inc. (Moscow, ID)
- Patent Number(s):
- US 5730874
- OSTI ID:
- 871431
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Supercritical fluids offer improved separations: Gases at high pressure and above critical temperature separate compounds under mild conditions, require less energy but more capital
|
journal | August 1981 |
Enhanced extraction of lanthanides with crown ether carboxylic acids of increasing lipophilicity
|
journal | January 1989 |
Solvent extraction of dithiocarbamate complexes and back-extraction with mercury(II) for determination of trace metals in seawater by atomic absorption spectrometry
|
journal | December 1982 |
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/210/134/252/423/
acidic
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agent
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benign
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beta
binary
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biologically
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containing
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extraction solvent
fluid
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fluorinated
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liquid
liquid material
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metal
metal species
metalloid
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method
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