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Urea biosensor for hemodialysis monitoring

Patent ·
OSTI ID:872091
 [1]
  1. Livermore, CA
+ Show Author Affiliations

An electrochemical sensor capable of detecting and quantifying urea in fluids resulting from hemodialysis procedures. The sensor is based upon measurement of the pH change produced in an aqueous environment by the products of the enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis of urea. The sensor may be fabricated using methods amenable to mass fabrication, resulting in low-cost sensors and thus providing the potential for disposable use. In a typical application, the sensor could be used in treatment centers, in conjunction with an appropriate electronics/computer system, in order to determine the hemodialysis endpoint. The sensor can also be utilized to allow at-home testing to determine if dialysis was necessary. Such a home monitor is similar, in principle, to devices used for blood glucose testing by diabetics, and would require a blood droplet sample by using a finger prick.

Research Organization:
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA
DOE Contract Number:
W-7405-ENG-48
Assignee:
Regents of University of California (Oakland, CA)
Patent Number(s):
US 5858186
OSTI ID:
872091
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (8)

Assay of Urea by Immobilized Urease Coupled to a Differential pH-Meter journal November 1992
Tungsten electrode for urea journal January 1990
Urea sensors based on glass pH electrodes with physically immobilized urease journal February 1992
New enzyme membrane for enzyme electrodes journal May 1986
Metal-Metal Oxide and Metal Oxide Electrodes as pH Sensors journal August 1989
Metal-metal oxide enzyme electrodes for the determination of urea journal January 1990
A miniature palladium-palladium-oxide enzyme electrode for urea determination journal June 1984
Urea sensor based on iridium dioxide electrodes with immobilized urease journal January 1983

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/204/435/
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