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Extraction of metals and/or metalloids from acidic media using supercritical fluids and salts

Patent ·
OSTI ID:871643
 [1];  [1];  [1]
  1. Moscow, ID
+ Show Author Affiliations

A method of extracting metalloid and metal species from a solid or liquid material by exposing the material to a fluid solvent, particularly supercritical carbon dioxide, containing a chelating agent is described. The chelating agent forms chelates that are soluble in the fluid to allow removal of the species from the material. In preferred embodiments, the extraction solvent is supercritical carbon dioxide and the chelating agent comprises a trialkyl phosphate, a triaryl phosphate, a trialkylphosphine oxide, a triarylphosphine oxide, or mixtures thereof. The method provides an environmentally benign process for removing contaminants from industrial waste. The method is particularly useful for extracting actinides from acidic solutions, and the process can be aided by the addition of nitrate salts. The chelate and supercritical fluid can be regenerated, and the contaminant species recovered, to provide an economic, efficient process.

Assignee:
Idaho Research Foundation, Inc. (Moscow, ID)
Patent Number(s):
US 5770085
OSTI ID:
871643
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (3)

Supercritical fluids offer improved separations: Gases at high pressure and above critical temperature separate compounds under mild conditions, require less energy but more capital journal August 1981
Enhanced extraction of lanthanides with crown ether carboxylic acids of increasing lipophilicity journal January 1989
Solvent extraction of dithiocarbamate complexes and back-extraction with mercury(II) for determination of trace metals in seawater by atomic absorption spectrometry journal December 1982

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Related Subjects

/210/423/
acidic
acidic media
acidic solution
acidic solutions
actinides
addition
agent
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agent forms
aided
allow
allow removal
benign
benign process
carbon
carbon dioxide
chelate
chelates
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comprises
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contaminant
contaminant species
contaminants
described
dioxide
economic
efficient
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embodiments
environmentally
environmentally benign
exposing
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extracting actinides
extracting metal
extracting metalloid
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fluid
fluid solvent
fluids
forms
forms chelates
industrial
industrial waste
liquid
liquid material
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media
metal
metal species
metalloid
metalloids
metals
method
method provide
method provides
mixtures
nitrate
nitrate salt
nitrate salts
oxide
particularly
particularly supercritical
particularly useful
phosphate
phosphine oxide
preferred
preferred embodiment
preferred embodiments
process
provide
provides
recovered
regenerated
removal
removing
removing contaminants
salts
solid
soluble
solutions
solvent
species
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supercritical
supercritical carbon
supercritical fluid
supercritical fluids
trialkyl
trialkyl phosphate
trialkylphosphine
trialkylphosphine oxide
triaryl
triarylphosphine
useful
waste