Test procedures for evaluation of resistance of steels to cracking in wet H{sub 2}S environments

Book · Sat Dec 31 04:00:00 EST 1994

OSTI ID:83055

Kane, R D; Cayard, M S ^[1]; Prager, M ^[2]

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1. CLI International, Houston, TX (United States)
2. Materials Properties Council, Inc., New York, NY (United States)

This paper describes the results of a laboratory study under the direction of a petroleum industry committee involving the use of several standard and non-standard methods for the evaluation of steels for cracking in wet H{sub 2}S environments. This investigation includes samples of two commonly used pressure vessel steel (ASTM A 516-70 and A 285C) and several test methods including: (1) NACE TM0177 -- 90A tensile test, (2) NACE TM0177 -- 90A tensile test with one-side (OS) exposure, (3) NACE TM0284, (4) NACE TM0284 with TM0177 solution, (5) TM0284 with OS exposure and (6) Non standard Double Beam (DB) specimen in 4 point bending with both immersion (IMM) and OS exposure. The test results indicated that all test methods showed an higher susceptibility to HIC in the A 516-70 steel used in this study than in the A285 C samples. However, at high applied stress levels both materials exhibited high susceptibility to SOHIC (stress-oriented HIC) as determined by high values of crack thickness ratio (CTR) in the tensile specimens. OS exposure conditions typically of that found in refinery vessels was significantly less severe from the standpoint of the extent of internal hydrogen cracking produced in both steels. Using DB specimens, the effects of orientation were determined. Specifically, the orientations among the rolling, welding and stressing direction were systematically evaluated. It was found that the condition where the welding direction was parallel (WD-L) to the rolling direction and the stress direction was perpendicular (SD-T) to the rolling direction produced the highest apparent susceptibility to SOHIC (highest CTR values) when the crack measurements were made on the LT plane.

• OSTI ID: 83055
• Report Number(s): CONF-940222--
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

02 PETROLEUM
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
CORROSIVE EFFECTS
CRACK PROPAGATION
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
HYDROGEN EMBRITTLEMENT
HYDROGEN SULFIDES
MATERIALS TESTING
MECHANICAL TESTS
METALLOGRAPHY
ORIENTATION
PETROLEUM REFINERIES
PRESSURE VESSELS
RESIDUAL STRESSES
STEEL-ASTM-A285
STEEL-ASTM-A516
STRESS CORROSION
WELDED JOINTS