Gamma rays vs the E. coli monster (and other tales). [Disinfection of sewage]
Experiments were carried out on the use of a gammacell 220 for disinfection of sewage effluent at Burlington, Ontario. The design and operation of the irradiator are discussed. Monitoring of effluents was carried out for coliforms, streptococci, salmonellae, viruses, and bacteriophages. At a dosage of 50,000 rads coliforms were reduced 97.9 percent, fecal coliforms 83.9 percent, and fecal streptococci 46 percent. Inactivation of coliforms approached that level obtained with efficient chlorination but that for fecal coliforms and fecal streptococci was considerably lower. On the whole, results demonstrated that application of gamma radiation treatment on a practical scale has an advantage over chlorination practices, in that a consistent bacterial kill is obtained. A study of costs indicated that irradiation treatment is somewhat more expensive than chlorination. (HLW)
- Research Organization:
- Pollution control branch of the Ontaria Ministry of the Environment, Toronto
- OSTI ID:
- 7347526
- Journal Information:
- Water Wastes Eng.; (United States), Journal Name: Water Wastes Eng.; (United States) Vol. 12:7; ISSN WWAEA
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
560302 -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Microorganisms-- (-1987)
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
BACTERIA
BACTERIOPHAGES
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BIOLOGICAL RADIATION EFFECTS
CANADA
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CHLORINATION
COST
DESIGN
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
ESCHERICHIA COLI
GAMMA RADIATION
HALOGENATION
INACTIVATION
IONIZING RADIATIONS
IRRADIATION
IRRADIATION DEVICES
IRRADIATION PROCEDURES
LIQUID WASTES
MICROORGANISMS
NORTH AMERICA
ONTARIO
PARASITES
RADIATION EFFECTS
RADIATIONS
SALMONELLA
STREPTOCOCCUS
VIRUSES
WASTES