Radioiodine prediction model for nuclear tests. [Radiation dose to human thyroid]

Technical Report · Tue Jun 01 04:00:00 EDT 1976

OSTI ID:7267121

Black, S C; Barth, D S

Over a 5-year period, 14 major experiments were conducted to investigate the air-forage-cow-milk system for transfer of radioiodine. The experiments included controlled releases using prepared aerosols, planned releases during Plowshare cratering tests, and releases due to accidental venting of underground nuclear tests. Two or more groups of dairy cows, three to six cows per group, were used in each experiment to study the effect on radioiodine transfer of such factors as: the mode of exposure, the type and state of forage fed, the type of aerosol, and variations in feeding practices. In each experiment, measurements were made of the total radioiodine intake and output in milk of the cows, the concentrations in forage and milk, the gaseous and particulate air concentrations, the open-field gamma exposure rate, and the deposition per unit area. The mean values of the experimental data are assembled in this report and are used to develop the parameters for a standard milk excretion pattern for dairy cows and to develop predictive equations for radioiodine. The resultant equations, for predicting the infinite dose to a 2-gram human thyroid caused by ingestion of /sup 131/I, are presented.

• Research Organization: Environmental Protection Agency, Las Vegas, Nev. (USA). Environmental Monitoring and Support Lab.
• OSTI ID: 7267121
• Report Number(s): EPA-600/4-76-027
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

500300* -- Environment
Atmospheric-- Radioactive Materials Monitoring & Transport-- (-1989)
510300 -- Environment
Terrestrial-- Radioactive Materials Monitoring & Transport-- (-1989)
510302 -- Environment
Terrestrial-- Radioactive Materials Monitoring & Transport-- Terrestrial Ecosystems & Food Chains-- (-1987)
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
560172 -- Radiation Effects-- Nuclide Kinetics & Toxicology-- Animals-- (-1987)
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
AIR
ANIMAL FEEDS
ANIMALS
BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BIOLOGICAL MODELS
BIOMASS
BODY
BODY FLUIDS
CATTLE
COWS
DAYS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
DIFFUSION
DOMESTIC ANIMALS
DOSES
ENDOCRINE GLANDS
ENERGY SOURCES
ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT
FALLOUT
FALLOUT DEPOSITS
FLUIDS
FOOD
FOOD CHAINS
FORAGE
GASES
GLANDS
INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI
INTERNAL IRRADIATION
IODINE 131
IODINE ISOTOPES
IRRADIATION
ISOTOPES
MAMMALS
MAN
MASS TRANSFER
MILK
NUCLEI
ODD-EVEN NUCLEI
ORGANS
PLANTS
PRIMATES
RADIATION DOSES
RADIOISOTOPES
RADIONUCLIDE KINETICS
RADIONUCLIDE MIGRATION
RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES
RUMINANTS
SURFACE AIR
THYROID
VERTEBRATES