Surface structure and mechanisms of gasification catalyst deactivation. Quarterly report, January--April 1977

Technical Report · Mon Aug 01 04:00:00 EDT 1977

DOI:https://doi.org/10.2172/7209443· OSTI ID:7209443

Reucroft, P. J.; Bradley, E. B.; De Angelis, R. J.; Sargent, G. A.

Additional ESCA standard samples (NiS, NI(OH)/sub 2/) have been examined. NiS was found to have very little surface charging and small chemical shifts (compared to the Ni metal). A quantitative analysis of the L140 catalysts revealed that particle sizes do not change greatly with increasing metal loading; binding energies and peak shapes correspond to a nickel aluminate complex. Two used catalysts were studied in order to assess the effects of exposure to synthesis gas and presulfiding. The presulfiding treatment effectively saturated the catalyst with sulfur. Thermal gravimetric analysis has been used to study the effects of temperature and hydrogen flow rates on the reduction kinetics of NiO dispersed on silica and alumina supports. Raman spectra of the SiO/sub 2/ and Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ support materials show very weak bands characteristic of amorphous solids. Photodecomposition of NiCO/sub 3/ and NiSiO/sub 3/ samples limited incident laser power but their Raman band intensities are also small. Fluorescence did not obscure the Raman bands of these powdered samples; it has been shown to depend on sample preparation and handling. The Raman spectrum of the sulphided alumina-support catalyst shows characteristic sulfate and sulphite bands. Auger electron spectroscopy was employed for the study of the elemental depth distribution of the Ni catalysts. The result has shown that a contaminated layer of depth 400A was present on the surface. NiO particles were more susceptible to the contamination than Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ particles. The Auger electron escape depth for SiO/sub 2/ supported catalysts is about the same as for Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ supported catalysts.

• Research Organization: Kentucky Univ., Lexington (USA)
• OSTI ID: 7209443
• Report Number(s): FE-2229-5
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT
010404* -- Coal
Lignite
& Peat-- Gasification
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
400201 -- Chemical & Physicochemical Properties
AUGER ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY
BINDING ENERGY
CATALYSTS
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
COAL GASIFICATION
COHERENT SCATTERING
DEACTIVATION
DIFFRACTION
ELECTRON DIFFRACTION
ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY
ENERGY
GASIFICATION
GRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
HYDROXIDES
MECHANICAL STRUCTURES
NICKEL COMPOUNDS
NICKEL HYDROXIDES
NICKEL OXIDES
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
QUANTITATIVE CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
RAMAN SPECTRA
SCATTERING
SPECTRA
SPECTROSCOPY
SUPPORTS
THERMAL ANALYSIS
THERMAL GRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS
TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS
X-RAY DIFFRACTION