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Radiation-induced hematologic and nonspecific immunologic effects in the canine

Technical Report ·
OSTI ID:7161592
; ;
A canine model was used to assess the effects of irradiation on bone-marrow progenitor cellularity, peripheral-blood leukocyte and platelet cellularity,and phagocytosis-induced granulocyte oxidation burst activity. Sexually mature beagles were bilaterally exposed to 2 Gy of cobalt-60 radiation, and at various times postirradiation bone marrow and peripheral blood samples removed. Bone-marrow granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cell (GM-CFC) numbers were reduced to approx. 10% of normal by 24 hours postexposure, and full recovery to normal GM-CFC levels was not seen until day 49 postirradiation. Peripheral-blood leukocyte and platelet values were also dramatically reduced postirradiation; by day 49 postexposure, these values had recovered to only approx. 90% of normal. The ability of percoll-isolated peripheral blood granulocytes to mount an oxidative burst in response to opsonized zymosan also decreased following irradiation. By contrast, the ability of nonisolated peripheral blood granulocytes (i.e., granulocytes in whole blood) to mount an oxidative burst in response to opsonized zymosan increased following irradiation. When sera obtained from dogs at various times postirradiation were assayed for ability to enhance the oxidative burst capacity of normal percoll-isolated peripheral blood granulocytes, stimulatory activity was detected as early as a day 2 postirradiation and persisted through day 29 postexposure. These results suggest that, although peripheral blood granulocyte numbers are decreased following radiation injury due to stem cell damage, humoral factors may enhance the function of the available granulocytes in irradiated animals.
Research Organization:
Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Inst., Bethesda, MD (USA)
OSTI ID:
7161592
Report Number(s):
AD-A-192772/2/XAB; AFRRI-SR-87-44
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Related Subjects

560151* -- Radiation Effects on Animals-- Man
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ANIMALS
BEAGLES
BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BIOLOGICAL RADIATION EFFECTS
BLOOD
BLOOD CELLS
BLOOD PLATELETS
BODY
BODY FLUIDS
COBALT 60
COBALT ISOTOPES
DOGS
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
GAMMA RADIATION
HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM
IMMUNOLOGY
INJURIES
INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI
INTERNAL CONVERSION RADIOISOTOPES
IONIZING RADIATIONS
ISOMERIC TRANSITION ISOTOPES
ISOTOPES
LEUKOCYTES
MAMMALS
MATERIALS
MINUTES LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
NUCLEI
ODD-ODD NUCLEI
RADIATION EFFECTS
RADIATION INJURIES
RADIATIONS
RADIOISOTOPES
RECOVERY
SAMPLING
VERTEBRATES
YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES