Hydrogenation of lignite with synthesis gas

Journal Article · Sat Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1977 · Energy Sources; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/00908317708945977· OSTI ID:7119911

Appell, H R; Moroni, E C; Miller, R D

Lignite may be hydrogenated to a low-sulfur, low-ash, heavy fuel oil in the absence of added catalysts by use of synthesis gas and the moisture in the coal as the reducing agent. Conversions of 90-94 percent and oil yields near 60 percent (moisture, ash-free basis) have been obtained routinely at temperatures of 425 to 450/sup 0/C and pressures of 3000 to 4000 psig. These conversions and oil yields are higher than those obtained with hydrogen at the same conditions. The effectiveness of carbon monoxide in hydrogenating lignite is, in part, due to the presence of the carbonates of the alkali and alkaline earth metals which react with carbon monoxide, in the presence of water, yielding formates, the active reducing agents.

• Research Organization: Pittsburgh Energy Research Center
• OSTI ID: 7119911
• Journal Information: Energy Sources; (United States), Journal Name: Energy Sources; (United States) Vol. 3:2; ISSN EGYSA
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT
010403* -- Coal & Coal Products-- Hydrogenation-- (-1987)
ALKALI METAL COMPOUNDS
ALKALINE EARTH METAL COMPOUNDS
AROMATICS
BROWN COAL
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CARBON MONOXIDE
CARBON OXIDES
CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS
CARBONATES
CARBOXYLIC ACID SALTS
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
COAL
COAL LIQUEFACTION
COAL LIQUIDS
COSTEAM PROCESS
ENERGY SOURCES
FLUIDS
FORMATES
FOSSIL FUELS
FUELS
GASES
HYDROCARBONS
HYDROGENATION
LIGNITE
LIQUEFACTION
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PRESSURE DEPENDENCE
RECYCLING
SYNTHESIS GAS
TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE
TETRALIN
THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES