Immobilization of leachable toxic soil pollutants by using oxidative enzymes. [Geotrichum candidum]
Screening of leachable toxic chemicals in a horseradish peroxidase-H/sub 2/O/sub 2/ immobilization system established that immobilization was promising for most phenolic pollutants but not for benzoic acid, 2,6-dinitrocresol, or dibutyl phthalate. The treatment did not mobilize inherently nonmobile pollutants such as anilines and benzo(a)pyrene. In a separate study, an extracellular laccase in the culture filtrate of Geotrichum candidum was selected from five fungal enzymes evaluated as a cost-effective substitute for horseradish peroxidase. This enzyme was used in demonstrating the immobilization and subsequent fate of /sup 14/C-labeled 4-methylphenol and 2,4-dichlorophenol in soil columns. When applied to Lakewood sand, 98.1% of 4-methylpheno was leached through with distilled water. Two days after immobilization treatment with the G. candidum culture filtrate, only 9.1% of the added 4-methylphenol was leached with the same volume of water. Of the more refractory test pollutant 2,4-dichlorophenol, 91.6% had leached at time zero and 48.5% had leached 1 day after the immobilization treatment. However, 2 weeks after immobilization, only 12.0% of the 2,4-dichlorophenol was leached compared with 61.7% from the control column that received no immobilization treatment. No remobilization of the bound pollutants was detected during 3- and 4-week incubation periods.
- Research Organization:
- Rutgers Univ., New Brunswick, NJ (USA)
- OSTI ID:
- 7097087
- Journal Information:
- Appl. Environ. Microbiol.; (United States), Vol. 54:7
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
FUNGI
ENZYME ACTIVITY
OXIDOREDUCTASES
USES
PHENOLS
SOLIDIFICATION
CARBON 14 COMPOUNDS
GROUND WATER
LEACHING
POLLUTANTS
SOILS
TRACER TECHNIQUES
WATER POLLUTION
AROMATICS
DISSOLUTION
ENZYMES
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
ISOTOPE APPLICATIONS
LABELLED COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS
PLANTS
POLLUTION
SEPARATION PROCESSES
WATER
510200* - Environment
Terrestrial- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport- (-1989)