Human DNA repair and recombination genes
Several genes involved in mammalian DNA repair pathways were identified by complementation analysis and chromosomal mapping based on hybrid cells. Eight complementation groups of rodent mutants defective in the repair of uv radiation damage are now identified. At least seven of these genes are probably essential for repair and at least six of them control the incision step. The many genes required for repair of DNA cross-linking damage show overlap with those involved in the repair of uv damage, but some of these genes appear to be unique for cross-link repair. Two genes residing on human chromosome 19 were cloned from genomic transformants using a cosmid vector, and near full-length cDNA clones of each gene were isolated and sequenced. Gene ERCC2 efficiently corrects the defect in CHO UV5, a nucleotide excision repair mutant. Gene XRCC1 normalizes repair of strand breaks and the excessive sister chromatid exchange in CHO mutant EM9. ERCC2 shows a remarkable /approximately/52% overall homology at both the amino acid and nucleotide levels with the yeast RAD3 gene. Evidence based on mutation induction frequencies suggests that ERCC2, like RAD3, might also be an essential gene for viability. 100 refs., 4 tabs.
- Research Organization:
- Lawrence Livermore National Lab., CA (USA)
- DOE Contract Number:
- W-7405-ENG-48
- OSTI ID:
- 7055902
- Report Number(s):
- UCRL-98935; CONF-8810220-1; ON: DE89001122
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
560120 -- Radiation Effects on Biochemicals
Cells
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59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ADDUCTS
BIOCHEMICAL REACTION KINETICS
BIOLOGICAL PATHWAYS
BIOLOGICAL RECOVERY
BIOLOGICAL REPAIR
DNA
DNA ADDUCTS
DNA REPAIR
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
GENETIC MAPPING
HUMAN POPULATIONS
KINETICS
MAPPING
MUTATIONS
NUCLEIC ACIDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
POPULATIONS
RADIATIONS
REACTION KINETICS
RECOMBINANT DNA
RECOVERY
REPAIR
STRAND BREAKS
ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION