Gas-liquid phase-transfer catalysis; A new continuous-flow method in organic synthesis
- Dipartimento Chimica Industriale dell'Universita di Messina, Casella Postale 29, Sant'Agata di Messina, 98010 Messina (IT)
- Dipartimento Chimica Inorganica, Chimica Fisica e Chimica dei Materiali dell' Universita di Torino, Via G. Bidone 36, 10125 Torino (IT)
A synthetic method, gas-liquid phase-transfer catalysis (GL-PTC0), is described. GL-PTC is a continuous-flow procedure where gaseous reagents flow through a molten phase-transfer (PT) catalyst supported on a solid; no solvent is used. Reactions may develop through new mechanistic pathways compared with those of classical conditions; moreover, the reactions often occur in very selective ways. Some typical syntheses carried out under GL-PTC conditions are described in detail. They include syntheses of 2-alkylmalonic acid esters from the corresponding malonic acid esters and primary alkyl halides from primary alkyl alcohols and the reactions of dimethyl carbonate, which give N-methylanilines from anilines, anisoles from phenols, and 2-arylpropionitriles from aryl-acetonitriles.
- OSTI ID:
- 7051776
- Journal Information:
- Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research; (USA), Journal Name: Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research; (USA) Vol. 28:7; ISSN IECRE; ISSN 0888-5885
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
100200* -- Synthetic Fuels-- Production-- (1990-)
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
400201 -- Chemical & Physicochemical Properties
ACETONITRILE
ANISOLE
AROMATICS
ARYL RADICALS
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
CATALYTIC CONVERTERS
DICARBOXYLIC ACIDS
EQUIPMENT
ESTERS
ETHERS
FLUIDS
GASES
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
LIQUIDS
MALONIC ACID
NITRILES
ORGANIC ACIDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS
PHENOLS
POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENT
RADICALS
SYNTHESIS