Morphogenesis of nasal tumors in rats exposed to hexamethylphosphoramide by inhalation
Journal Article
·
· Environ. Res.; (United States)
Hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA) is used as a solvent, polymerization catalyst and, to some extent, as a deicing additive for jet fuels. Nasal tumors have been induced in rats by inhalation exposure to the compound for 6 to 24 months at concentrations of 50, 100, 400, and 4000 parts per billion (ppb), but not in rats exposed at 10 ppb for 24 months. Most nasal tumors were epidermoid carcinomas and developed from the respiratory epithelium or subepithelial nasal gland, both of which revealed squamous metaplasia or dysplasia in the anterior nasal cavity. The glandular cells appear to play an important role in developing epidermoid carcinomas in the nasal cavity. The ultrastructure of epidermoid carcinomas revealed abundant features of glandular differentiation in the neoplastic squamous cells. The morphological expression of glandular cell metamorphosis in the epidermoid carcinoma included intermediate cells showing both glandular and squamous differentiation, inter- or intracellular lumina, secretory vesicles, and mucus droplets in squamous cells and keratin plates.
- Research Organization:
- Haskell Lab. for Toxicology and Industrial Medicine, Newark, DE
- OSTI ID:
- 7003159
- Journal Information:
- Environ. Res.; (United States), Journal Name: Environ. Res.; (United States) Vol. 33:1; ISSN ENVRA
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
560305* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Vertebrates-- (-1987)
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ADDITIVES
ANIMALS
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BODY
BODY AREAS
CARCINOMAS
CHRONIC EXPOSURE
DISEASES
FACE
FUELS
HEAD
INHALATION
INTAKE
JET ENGINE FUELS
MAMMALS
MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES
MORPHOLOGY
NEOPLASMS
NOSE
RATS
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
RODENTS
ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES
VERTEBRATES
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ADDITIVES
ANIMALS
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BODY
BODY AREAS
CARCINOMAS
CHRONIC EXPOSURE
DISEASES
FACE
FUELS
HEAD
INHALATION
INTAKE
JET ENGINE FUELS
MAMMALS
MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES
MORPHOLOGY
NEOPLASMS
NOSE
RATS
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
RODENTS
ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES
VERTEBRATES