Toxicity, absorption, translocation, and metabolism of chlorimuron in yellow and purple nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus and C. rotundus)

Thesis/Dissertation · Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1987

OSTI ID:6999930

Reddy, K N

Greenhouse, laboratory, and field studies were conducted to investigate the activity of soil and foliar applied chlorimuron on yellow and purple nutsedge. Soil-applied chlorimuron (10 to 60 g/ha) significantly decreased tuber sprouting, shoot emergence, and shoot growth in both yellow and purple nutsedge. Previous exposure to soil-applied chlorimuron was not effective in reducing parent tuber sprouting at any rate in yellow nutsedge, while in purple nutsedge parent tuber sprouting was reduced significantly at 60 g/ha. Shoots of both yellow and purple nutsedge propagules absorbed greater amounts of /sup 14/C than did roots and tubers. However, translocation of /sup 14/C was greater from the roots and tuber than from the shoot. Toxicity of foliar-applied chlorimuron (5 to 30 g/ha) was evident by stunted growth, leaf discoloration, and death in both species. Application of chlorimuron at 20 g/ha gave 84% control in yellow nutsedge and 100% control in purple nutsedge. Chlorimuron treatments reduced shoot dry weight, inhibited secondary shoot production, and killed parent tubers attached to treated plants, regardless of rats, in both species. Over 13% of the foliar-applied /sup 14/C recovered was absorbed and over 15% of that absorbed was translocated at 1 day after application in both species. This increased two-fold by 8 days after application. /sup 14/C translocation was both acropetal and basipetal. Over 68% of the absorbed /sup 14/C in yellow nutsedge and 63% in purple nutsedge was retained in the treated area at 8 days after application. Overall, the basal bulb, rhizomes, and tuber had the least amounts of /sup 14/C in both species.

• Research Organization: Ohio State Univ., Columbus (USA)
• OSTI ID: 6999930
• Resource Relation: Other Information: Thesis (Ph. D.)
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
HERBICIDES
FOLIAR UPTAKE
ROOT ABSORPTION
TOXICITY
TRANSLOCATION
BENCH-SCALE EXPERIMENTS
CARBON 14 COMPOUNDS
FIELD TESTS
GREENHOUSES
INHIBITION
PLANT GROWTH
SOILS
SPROUTING
TRACER TECHNIQUES
WEEDS
ABSORPTION
BUILDINGS
GROWTH
ISOTOPE APPLICATIONS
LABELLED COMPOUNDS
PESTICIDES
PLANTS
TESTING
UPTAKE
551001* - Physiological Systems- Tracer Techniques