Toxicology and metabolism of nickel compounds. Progress report, December 1, 1983-November 30, 1984

Technical Report · Sun Jul 15 00:00:00 EDT 1984

OSTI ID:6979885

Sunderman, Jr, F W

The toxicology of nickel compounds (e.g., NiCl/sub 2/, Ni/sub 3/S/sub 2/, Ni(CO)/sub 4/) was investigated in rats. The following new knowledge was acquired: (1) renal cytosol from /sup 63/NiCl/sub 2/-treated rats contains at least ten /sup 63/Ni-binding proteins and polypeptides with molecular weights ranging from 168,000 to <4,000 daltons; (2) parenteral administration of NiCl/sub 2/ to rats transiently diminishes hepatic concentrations of reduced and oxidized glutathione and enhances lipid peroxidation; (3) tetraethylenepentamine is equally effective as diethyldithiocarbamate as an antidote for acute Ni(CO)/sub 4/ poisoning in rats; (4) Ni(II)-induction of heme oxygenase activity in rat kidney is sustained for only 3 days of repeated treatments and thereafter gradually decreases, indicating adaptive tolerance for Ni(II) toxicity; (5) carcinogenesis bioassays of 17 nickel compounds by ir administration to rats demonstrate close correlation between the induction of erythrocytosis at 1 to 4 months post-injection and the subsequent incidence of renal cancers; (6) immunoreactive erythropoietin concentration is increased in kidney extracts of rats following ir injection of Ni/sub 3/S/sub 2/, supporting the role of erythropoietin in Ni/sub 3/S/sub 2/-induced erythrocytosis; (7) arteriosclerotic lesions in Ni/sub 3/S/sub 2/-treated rats can be visualized by focal fluorescence of hematoporphyrin derivative injected iv 24 hours prior to necropsy; and (8) marked hypernickelemia is a consistent finding in patients with endstage renal disease receiving chronic hemodialysis treatment. 13 references.

• Research Organization: Connecticut Univ., Farmington (USA). School of Medicine
• DOE Contract Number: AC02-76EV03140
• OSTI ID: 6979885
• Report Number(s): DOE/EV/03140-8; ON: DE84014919
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

560305* -- Chemicals Metabolism &amp; Toxicology-- Vertebrates-- (-1987)
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ANIMALS
BODY
CARCINOGENESIS
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
ENZYME ACTIVITY
GLANDS
KIDNEYS
LIVER
MAMMALS
NICKEL COMPOUNDS
ORGANS
PATHOGENESIS
RATS
RODENTS
TOXICITY
TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS
VERTEBRATES