LNG spill fire tests on water: an overview of the results
LNG spill and ignition tests conducted by Arthur D. Little, Inc., and the US Navy at the Naval Weapons Center clearly demonstrated that vapor fires have a higher thermal-radiation emissivity than pool fires on water; however, the overall hazard may be comparable to that of a pool fire because the flame of a vapor-cloud fire is relatively low in height. The tests involved spilling 800-1450 gal (3-5.5 m/sup 3/) of LNG on water for a duration of 30-250 s, igniting either the LNG or the resulting vapor cloud, and measuring the thermal radiation with wide- and narrow-angle radiometers and a spectrometer. Although the total thermal radiation emanating from the surface area averaged 70,000 Btu/hr-ft/sup 2/ (220 kW/m/sup 2/) - over twice that observed for land-based LNG fires - much of the emissivity was readily absorbed by the atmosphere. The effective flame temperature of the LNG fires reached 2240/sup 0/F (1500 K).
- OSTI ID:
- 6929366
- Journal Information:
- Am. Gas Assoc., Oper. Sect., Proc.; (United States), Journal Name: Am. Gas Assoc., Oper. Sect., Proc.; (United States); ISSN POAGA
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Similar Records
Summary of LNG safety research: Supplement - Task III
Control of LNG spill fires on land
Related Subjects
030800* -- Natural Gas-- Environmental Aspects
CHEMICAL REACTION KINETICS
COMBUSTION KINETICS
DIMENSIONS
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
EMISSIVITY
ENERGY SOURCES
FIELD TESTS
FIRES
FLAMES
FLUIDS
FOSSIL FUELS
FUEL GAS
FUELS
GAS FUELS
GAS SPILLS
GASES
HEIGHT
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
IGNITION
KINETICS
LIQUEFIED GASES
LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS
NATURAL GAS
OPTICAL PROPERTIES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
RADIATIONS
REACTION KINETICS
SURFACE PROPERTIES
TESTING
THERMAL RADIATION
WATER