Environmentally related diseases of the urinary tract

Journal Article · Wed Feb 28 23:00:00 EST 1990 · Medical Clinics of North America; (USA)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-7125(16)30568-5· OSTI ID:6905430

Goyer, R A ^[1]

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1. Univ. of Western Ontario, London (Canada)

Nephrotoxicity from exposure to therapeutic agents and chemicals in the environment and workplace results in a broad spectrum of clinical renal disease that may mimic disorders from other causes. Nephrotoxic agents may, in fact, be responsible for some fraction of renal disease of undetermined etiology. Specific diagnosis and treatment by removal from exposure to the toxic agent is more likely in the early phase of the disorder. Measurement and characterization of proteinuria provides the most sensitive and reliable method of early detection. Increased urinary excretion of serum proteins with molecular weight in excess of 50,000, such as albumin and transferrin, is an early indicator of glomerular injury. Low-molecular-weight proteinuria (beta 2-microglobulin or retinol-binding protein) and enzymuria, particularly excretion of NAG, are sensitive indicators of renal tubular cell injury. Tests that reflect hypersensitivity reactions are often indicative of immunologically mediated nephrotoxicity but are not specific for the kidney. Cancers of the kidney and urinary bladder appear to be increasing and are most common among the socially active and affluent. Susceptibility of the urinary tract to toxicity and carcinogenicity reflect contact of excreted toxins with the epithelial cells of nephrons and urinary bladder. 45 references.

• OSTI ID: 6905430
• Journal Information: Medical Clinics of North America; (USA), Journal Name: Medical Clinics of North America; (USA) Vol. 74:2; ISSN 0025-7125; ISSN MCNAA
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

560300* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ANIMALS
BODY
CADMIUM
CHROMIUM
DISEASES
DOCUMENT TYPES
DRUGS
ELEMENTS
ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE
ETIOLOGY
HYDROCARBONS
KIDNEYS
LEAD
MAMMALS
MAN
MERCURY
METALS
OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANS
PRIMATES
REVIEWS
TOXICITY
TRANSITION ELEMENTS
UROGENITAL SYSTEM DISEASES
VERTEBRATES