Differences in the drug-metabolizing enzyme activities among fish and bivalves living in waters near industrial and non-industrial areas

Journal Article · Fri Jul 01 04:00:00 EDT 1994 · Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00205146· OSTI ID:6848565

Oshima, Y; Kobayashi, K; Hidaka, C; Izu, S; Imada, N ^[1]

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1. Kyushu Univ., Fukuoka (Japan)

Fish and shellfishes, living in coastal areas receiving agricultural, industrial and domestic wastewaters, have been exposed to various chemicals. Identifing the various harmful chemicals in the environments and accumulated in aquatic organisms is difficult. Even if concentrations of pollutants are low so that no mortality of fish and shellfishes occurs, the pollutants may affect the biochemistry and physiology of aquatic organisms. Activities of some drug-metabolizing enzymes, especially the cytochrome P-450 dependent monooxygenase (MO) in fish livers, increase when fish are exposed to environmental pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated organic chemicals. However, most studies have been done on the field evaluation only by MO induction in fish as a monitor for marine pollution with crude-oil and halogenated organic compounds, without regard for other chemicals. In a previous paper, the activity of benzo(a)pyrene hydroxylase (AHH) was induced by 22 times at 2-wk, although the cytochrome P-450 content increased only twice. Activity of phenol-sulfate transferase in the mid-gut gland of short-necked clam was induced by exposure to some phenolic compounds, especially pentachlorophenol (PCP), resulting in the increase of the enzyme activity by approximately 7 times the control after 5 wk exposure. Induced activity was maintained at least for 3 wk, even after the clam had been transferred to running clean sea water, although PCP accumulated in its body is rapidly excreted. Although the activity of this enzyme in the clam is easily induced by exposure to phenols, the induction of this enzyme activity in fish is very low as compared with that of clam. This paper examines the activities of drug-metabolizing enzymes of fish and bivalves living in waters near industrial and non-industrial areas to elucidate the applicability of the sulfate transferase activity in bivalves as a monitor for marine pollution, as well as the MO activity in fish.

• OSTI ID: 6848565
• Journal Information: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology; (United States), Journal Name: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology; (United States) Vol. 53:1; ISSN 0007-4861; ISSN BECTA6
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
540320 -- Environment
Aquatic-- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport-- (1990-)
560300* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ANIMALS
AQUATIC ORGANISMS
AROMATICS
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS
CHLORINATED AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
ENERGY SOURCES
ENZYME ACTIVITY
FISHES
FOSSIL FUELS
FUELS
HALOGENATED AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
HYDROCARBONS
INVERTEBRATES
MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
MOLLUSCS
MONITORS
ORGANIC CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
PETROLEUM
POLLUTANTS
POLLUTION
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
VERTEBRATES
WATER POLLUTION
WATER POLLUTION MONITORS