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Bladder cancer in Massachusetts related to chlorinated and chloraminated drinking water: a case-control study

Journal Article · · Arch. Environ. Health; (United States)
; ; ;
Consumers of chlorinated drinking water have a small excess of bladder cancer. Risk may have been underestimated because of confounding and misclassification of exposure status. To address these problems, we undertook a case-control study. Detailed residential histories were obtained by telephone interviews with informants of 614 individuals who died of primarily bladder cancer and 1,074 individuals who died of other causes. Their surface water has been disinfected with chlorine or a combination of chlorine and ammonia (cloramine) since 1938. The mortality ratio for bladder cancer among individuals who resided only in communities supplied with drinking water disinfected with chlorine, relative to individuals who resided only in communities supplied with drinking water disinfected with chloramine, was 1.6 (95% confidence interval = 1.2-2.1), using all controls; when the comparison group was restricted to individuals who died of lymphoma, the mortality odds ratio was 2.7 (95% confidence interval = 1.7-4.3).
Research Organization:
Brown Univ., Providence, RI (USA)
OSTI ID:
6840039
Journal Information:
Arch. Environ. Health; (United States), Journal Name: Arch. Environ. Health; (United States) Vol. 43:2; ISSN AEHLA
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Related Subjects

550900 -- Pathology
560300* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
AMINES
BLADDER
BODY
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CHLORAMINES
CHLORINATION
CHLORINE
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
DISEASES
DRINKING WATER
ELEMENTS
EPIDEMIOLOGY
FEDERAL REGION I
HALOGENATION
HALOGENS
HAZARDS
HEALTH HAZARDS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
MASSACHUSETTS
MORTALITY
NEOPLASMS
NONMETALS
NORTH AMERICA
ORGANIC CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
POLLUTION
URINARY TRACT
USA
WATER
WATER POLLUTION
WATER SUPPLY