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Leukocyte recruitment to airways by aldehyde-carbon combinations that mimic cigarette smoke

Journal Article · · Lab. Invest.; (United States)
OSTI ID:6829123
;
Exposure of Syrian golden hamsters to formaldehyde (3 to 250 ppM) evaporated onto carbon (21 to 805 mg per cu. m) recruited polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytes to the epithelium of tracheas and intrapulmonary airways which peaked at 24 to 48 hours. Acrolein (< 6 ppM) on carbon 593 mg per cu. m) caused PMN recruitment which was maximal at 12 hours. The vapor phase of cigarette smoke produced PMN leukocyte recruitment of the same magnitude and with the same time course. In contrast, exposure to formaldehyde at doses of 2 to 250 ppM and acrolein at 6 ppM was cytotoxic to airway cells and caused prompt and delayed exfoliation but no recruitment of PMN leukocytes. There was no difference in cytotoxicity when carbon was present. Leukocyte recruitment occurred only when carbon was present, either given simultaneously with aldehydes or with adsorbed aldehydes. Thus, aldehyde vapor simulates the cytotoxic effects of particle-free cigarette smoke vapor. Of greater significance is the finding that an aldehyde, formaldehyde or acrolein, inhaled adsorbed on carbon or simultaneously with carbon to hamster airways is chemotactic for PMN leukocytes just as is the vapor phase of cigarette smoke when given simultaneously with carbon particles.
Research Organization:
Univ. of Missouri, Columbia
OSTI ID:
6829123
Journal Information:
Lab. Invest.; (United States), Journal Name: Lab. Invest.; (United States) Vol. 38:2; ISSN LAINA
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Related Subjects

550300 -- Cytology
550900 -- Pathology
560305* -- Chemicals Metabolism &amp; Toxicology-- Vertebrates-- (-1987)
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ACROLEIN
AEROSOLS
ALDEHYDES
ANIMALS
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BLOOD
BLOOD CELLS
BODY FLUIDS
CARBON
COLLOIDS
DISPERSIONS
ELEMENTS
FLUIDS
FORMALDEHYDE
GASES
HAMSTERS
INHALATION
INTAKE
LEUKOCYTES
MAMMALS
NONMETALS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
RESIDUES
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
RODENTS
SMOKES
SOLS
TOBACCO SMOKES
TRACHEA
VAPORS
VERTEBRATES