Encapsulation in concrete of hazardous sludges for landfill

Technical Report · Fri May 21 04:00:00 EDT 1982

OSTI ID:6718225

Deacon, L E

The Federal Environmental Protection Agency has promulgated hazardous waste guidelines which assign cradle to grave responsibilities to any industry generating a hazardous waste. Responsibility begins with identification of hazardous wastes. Initial compliance effort at GAT included a characterization of eleven possible plantsite sludges using the EPA-approved Extraction Procedure (EP) Toxicity Test. The X-616 chromate removal sludge was found to exceed the leachable chromium limit. The X-700 degreaser sludge, originating from a listed non-specific source, was also classified as hazardous. The degreaser sludge results from degreaser operations using a chlorinated organic solvent, trichloroethylene. Parameters were established for concrete encapsulation of the two sludges. EP leach tests showed that the X-616 sludge fixation in concrete was successful in reducing chromium below the defined hazard limit in the extract. Extracts from leach tests of the X-700 degreaser sludge contained trichloroethylene, indicating failure of the concrete encapsulation to retain this solvent. However, neither sludge encapsulation method is believed to provide a viable treatment for sludge disposal. The increased storage volume which would be required for encapsulated X-616 sludge indicates that some form of chromium recovery and recycle should be considered. The X-700 degreaser sludge is generated in low annual volumes (/approximately/300 gal). It would be more feasible to store degreaser sludge in steel drums for future incineration disposal, than to employ concrete encapsulation. 3 refs., 4 figs., 5 tabs.

• Research Organization: Goodyear Atomic Corp., Piketon, OH (USA). Process Technology Dept.
• DOE Contract Number: AC05-76OR00001
• OSTI ID: 6718225
• Report Number(s): GAT-T-3158; ON: DE89002408
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

052001* -- Nuclear Fuels-- Waste Processing
053000 -- Nuclear Fuels-- Environmental Aspects
11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS
12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE WASTES FROM NUCLEAR FACILITIES
BUILDING MATERIALS
CEMENTS
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
COMPLIANCE
ENCAPSULATION
EVALUATION
FILTRATION
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
LAWS
MANAGEMENT
MATERIALS
NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
PH VALUE
PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS
RESOURCE RECOVERY ACTS
SAMPLING
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SLUDGES
SOLIDIFICATION
TESTING
US EPA
US ORGANIZATIONS
WASTE DISPOSAL
WASTE FORMS
WASTE MANAGEMENT