Three-way catalysts for ultra-low-emission vehicles

Journal Article · Sat Oct 01 00:00:00 EDT 1994 · Automotive Engineering; (United States)

OSTI ID:6656827

This article examines how current state-of-the-art three-way catalysis provides a choice of several technologies to meet control requirements for future vehicles. The three-way catalyst (TWC) that controls HC, CO, and NOx has proven itself for many years as a durable, effective way to reduce automotive exhaust emissions. Increasingly stringent regulation of emissions, as typified by California's ultra-low-emission vehicle (ULEV) standards, has forced continued development of catalyst technology. Although capable of reducing exhaust emissions by more than 90% on the cold-start Federal test procedure (FTP) cycle, TWCs are handicapped by their two-minute warmup time. It is this characteristic that engineers are trying to overcome with a variety of approaches in hope that TWCs will continue to perform a large percentage of the emissions reductions called for on future vehicles.

• OSTI ID: 6656827
• Journal Information: Automotive Engineering; (United States), Journal Name: Automotive Engineering; (United States) Vol. 102:10; ISSN 0098-2571; ISSN AUEGBB
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS
330700* -- Advanced Propulsion Systems-- Emission Control
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
540120 -- Environment
Atmospheric-- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport-- (1990-)
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CARBON MONOXIDE
CARBON OXIDES
CATALYSTS
CATALYTIC CONVERTERS
CHALCOGENIDES
CONTROL
EQUIPMENT
HYDROCARBONS
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
NITROGEN OXIDES
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
POLLUTION CONTROL
POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENT
START-UP
TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT
VEHICLES