Dynamic behavior of three-way catalysts
Three-way catalysts (TWC's) are employed in the exhaust treatment for gasoline-fueled vehicles to achieve simultaneous control of CO, hydrocarbons (HC's) and NO emissions. A typical TWC contains precious metals (Pt, Pd, or Rh) and metal oxides which are beneficial for stability of the catalyst support (..gamma..-alumina) or enhancement of the catalyst activity under dynamic operating conditions. When the TWC is used in vehicles with closed-loop control of the air/fuel (A/F) ratio near the stoichiometric point for the control of the exhaust emissions, its performance has been found, in general, to be better than predicted from steady-state catalyst efficiency. This improved performance relates to several characteristic processes occurring under dynamic operating conditions, including oxygen storage, water-gas shift (WGS) reaction, and HC retention on the catalyst. The authors note here salient observations from a study of the dynamic behavior of a monolith TWC with the ultimate goal to obtain quantitative descriptions of the transient reactions involved. 17 references.
- Research Organization:
- Ford Motor Co., Dearborn, MI (USA)
- OSTI ID:
- 5306294
- Journal Information:
- J. Catal.; (United States), Journal Name: J. Catal.; (United States) Vol. 99:2; ISSN JCTLA
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
400201* -- Chemical & Physicochemical Properties
550200 -- Biochemistry
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CARBON MONOXIDE
CARBON OXIDES
CATALYSTS
CATALYTIC CONVERTERS
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMICAL REACTION KINETICS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CONTROL
ELEMENTS
EQUIPMENT
FLUIDS
FUEL GAS
FUELS
GAS FUELS
GASES
HYDROCARBONS
INTERMEDIATE BTU GAS
KINETICS
METALS
NITRIC OXIDE
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
NITROGEN OXIDES
NONMETALS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OXIDES
OXYGEN
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PALLADIUM
PERFORMANCE
PLATINUM
PLATINUM METALS
POLLUTION CONTROL
POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENT
REACTION KINETICS
RUTHENIUM
SHIFT PROCESSES
STORAGE
TRANSITION ELEMENTS
WATER GAS