Proline accumulation and its implication in cold tolerance of regenerable maize callus
Embryogenic callus of maize (Zea mays L.) inbreds B37wx, H99, H99/sup 3/H95, Mo17, and Pa91 accumulated proline to levels 2.1 to 2.5 times that of control callus when subjected to mannitol-induced water stress, cool temperatures (19/sup 0/C) and abscisic acid (ABA). A combination of 0.53 molar mannitol plus 0.1 millimolar ABA induced a proline accumulation to about 4.5 times that of control callus, equivalent to approximately 0.18 millimoles proline per gram fresh weight of callus. Proline accumulation was directly related to the level of mannitol in the medium. Levels of ABA greater than 1.0 micromolar were required in the medium to induce proline accumulation comparable to that induced by mannitol. Mannitol and ABA levels that induced maximum accumulation of proline also inhibited callus growth and increased tolerance to cold. Proline (12 millimolar) added to culture media also increased the tolerance of callus to 4/sup 0/C. The increased cold tolerance induced by the combination of mannitol and ABA has permitted the storage of the maize inbreds A632, A634Ht, B37wx, C103DTrf, Fr27rhm, H99, Pa91, Va35, and W117Ht at 4/sup 0/C for 90 days which is more than double the typical survival time of callus. These studies show that proline accumulation increase the cold tolerance of regenerable maize callus.
- Research Organization:
- Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL (United States)
- OSTI ID:
- 6584319
- Journal Information:
- Plant Physiol.; (United States), Vol. 83:3
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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EMBRYONIC CELLS
TEMPERATURE EFFECTS
MAIZE
SENSITIVITY
PROLINE
BIOLOGICAL ACCUMULATION
ABSCISIC ACID
BIOLOGICAL STRESS
AMINES
AMINO ACIDS
ANIMAL CELLS
AUXINS
AZOLES
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
CEREALS
GRASS
HETEROCYCLIC ACIDS
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
MONOCARBOXYLIC ACIDS
ORGANIC ACIDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
PLANTS
PYRROLES
PYRROLIDINES
560200* - Thermal Effects