Wastewater and sludge control-technology options for synfuels industries

Technical Report · Sun Feb 01 04:00:00 EST 1981

DOI:https://doi.org/10.2172/6583995· OSTI ID:6583995

Castaldi, F. J.; Harrison, W.; Ford, D. L.

The options examined were those of zero discharge, partial water reuse with restricted discharge of treated effluents, and unrestricted discharge of treated effluents. Analysis of cost data and performance-analyses data for several candidate secondary-wastewater-treatment unit processes indicated that combined activated-sludge/powdered-activated-carbon (AS/PAC) treatment incorporating wet-air-oxidation carbon regeneration is the most cost-effective control technology available for the removal of organic material from slagging, fixed-bed process wastewaters. Bench-scale treatability and organic-constituent removal studies conducted on process quench waters from a pilot-scale, slagging, fixed-bed gasifer using lignite as feedstock indicated that solvent extraction followed by AS/PAC treatment reduces levels of extractable and chromatographable organics to less than 1 ..mu..g/L in the final effluent. Levels of conventional pollutants also were effectively reduced by AS/PAC to the minimum water-quality standards for most receiving waters. The most favored and most cost-effective treatment option is unrestricted discharge of treated effluents with ultimate disposal of biosludges and landfilling of gasifier ash and slag. This option requires a capital expenditure of $8,260,000 and an annual net operating cost of $2,869,000 in 1978 dollars, exclusive of slag disposal. The net energy requirement of 19.6 x 10/sup 6/ kWh/year, or 15.3 kWh/1000 gal treated, is less than 6% of the equivalent energy demand associated with the zero-discharge option.

• Research Organization: Argonne National Lab., IL (USA)
• OSTI ID: 6583995
• Report Number(s): ANL/ES-115(Vol.1)
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT
010404 -- Coal
Lignite
& Peat-- Gasification
010800 -- Coal
Lignite
& Peat-- Waste Management
520200* -- Environment
Aquatic-- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport-- (-1989)
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
ACTIVATED SLUDGE PROCESS
BROWN COAL
CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
COAL
COAL GASIFICATION
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
COST
DATA
DIAGRAMS
ENERGY
ENERGY ANALYSIS
ENERGY SOURCES
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
EXTRACTION
FINANCIAL DATA
FLOWSHEETS
FOSSIL FUELS
FUELS
GASIFICATION
GROUND DISPOSAL
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
INFORMATION
LIGNITE
LIQUID WASTES
LURGI SLAGGING PROCESS
MANAGEMENT
MATERIALS
NET ENERGY
NUMERICAL DATA
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PACKED BED
PERFORMANCE
POLLUTION CONTROL
PROCESSING
REMOVAL
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SOLVENT EXTRACTION
THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES
WASTE DISPOSAL
WASTE MANAGEMENT
WASTE PROCESSING
WASTE WATER
WASTES
WATER