Potential ozone-safe refrigerants for centrifugal chillers
Journal Article
·
· ASHRAE Journal (American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers); (USA)
OSTI ID:6488956
- U.S. Dept. of Energy, Washington, DC (US)
For the United States, centrifugal chillers are commonly used to cool large commercial buildings. The centrifugal chiller industry, which has annual sales of nearly $300 million, consists of four major manufacturers who together have captured over 80 percent of the market. Approximately 80,000 centrifugal chillers were in use in 1989. Recent sales have been relatively flat, with about 30--40 percent of all chillers sold replacing existing ones. Many alternative refrigerants are being investigated for replacing CFC-11 and CFC-12. One refrigerant, R-123 may possibly replace CFC-11, while either R-134a or R-152a may replace CFC-12. The purpose of this article is to briefly discuss ozone-safe refrigerants that could potentially replace the fully-halogenated CFCs now used in many centrifugal chillers. Impacts of these refrigerants on system efficiency and capacity are given when possible.
- OSTI ID:
- 6488956
- Journal Information:
- ASHRAE Journal (American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers); (USA), Journal Name: ASHRAE Journal (American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers); (USA) Vol. 32:9; ISSN ASHRA; ISSN 0001-2491
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY
290300 -- Energy Planning & Policy-- Environment
Health
& Safety
32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION
320106* -- Energy Conservation
Consumption
& Utilization-- Building Equipment-- (1987-)
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
540120 -- Environment
Atmospheric-- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport-- (1990-)
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL
BUILDINGS
COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS
CONTROL
COOLING SYSTEMS
ENERGY SYSTEMS
FLUIDS
HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
OZONE
PLANNING
POLLUTION CONTROL
REFRIGERANTS
SAFETY
WORKING FLUIDS
290300 -- Energy Planning & Policy-- Environment
Health
& Safety
32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION
320106* -- Energy Conservation
Consumption
& Utilization-- Building Equipment-- (1987-)
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
540120 -- Environment
Atmospheric-- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport-- (1990-)
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL
BUILDINGS
COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS
CONTROL
COOLING SYSTEMS
ENERGY SYSTEMS
FLUIDS
HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
OZONE
PLANNING
POLLUTION CONTROL
REFRIGERANTS
SAFETY
WORKING FLUIDS