Sulfur dioxide emission control by furnace injection of a dry sorbent
Furnace injection of dry calcium-based sorbents to reduce SO/sub 2/ emissions was evaluated on a 53.5 MW/sub e/ utility boiler firing North Dakota lignite. The objective of the evaluation was to determine the effects of sorbent injection on SO/sub 2/ reductions, boiler performance, and electrostatic precipitator performance. Testing was performed at the Otter Tail Power Company Hoot Lake Unit 2. The field evaluation was conducted over a 3-week period and consisted of a series of short-term tests lasting up to four hours to evaluate the effects of sorbent type, injection configurations, and sorbent feedrates. A long-term evaluation of 30 hours was performed to evaluate the effects of sorbent injection on boiler performance. The sorbents evaluated in this program were high-calcium and dolomitic pressure hydrated limes. Pressure hydrates have shown high reactivity in bench scale tests, and calcium utilizations of 40% have been obtained by the University of North Dakota Energy Research Center (UNDERC). Bulk quantities of high-calcium pressure hydrate are not normally available from the lime industry and a special production run was made for this program by the Western Lime and Cement Company. Sorbent was injected through existing access ports to minimize modifications to the boiler, and was fed to the boiler using a temporary sorbent handling and injection system. The results of this evaluation showed that furnace injection of dry sorbent can achieve SO/sub 2/ reductions of nearly 70% in a lignite boiler with minimal impacts on boiler performance, precipitator performance, or particulate emissions. Based on previous bench scale results, increased SO/sub 2/ reductions appear feasible by increasing sorbent reactivity through optimization of the commercial pressure hydration process. 16 refs., 59 figs., 14 tabs.
- Research Organization:
- Energy and Environmental Research Corp., Irvine, CA (USA)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC18-84FC10616
- OSTI ID:
- 6458479
- Report Number(s):
- DOE/FC/10616-1965; ON: DE86003856
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
ADDITIVES
ADSORBENTS
ADSORPTION
AIR POLLUTION ABATEMENT
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL
ALKALINE EARTH METAL COMPOUNDS
ALKALINE EARTH METALS
BOILERS
BROWN COAL
CALCIUM
CALCIUM CARBONATES
CALCIUM COMPOUNDS
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS
CARBONATE MINERALS
CARBONATES
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
COAL
COMBUSTION
CONTROL
DESULFURIZATION
DOLOMITE
ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATORS
ELEMENTS
ENERGY SOURCES
EQUIPMENT
FOSSIL FUELS
FUELS
LIGNITE
MAGNESIUM CARBONATES
MAGNESIUM COMPOUNDS
MATERIALS
METALS
MINERALS
OXIDATION
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PERFORMANCE
POLLUTION ABATEMENT
POLLUTION CONTROL
POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENT
SORPTION
SORPTIVE PROPERTIES
SULFUR COMPOUNDS
SULFUR DIOXIDE
SULFUR OXIDES
SURFACE PROPERTIES
THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES