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Some short-term effects of changing to lower yield cigarettes

Journal Article · · Chest; (United States)
; ;

The rate of clearance from the lung of the hydrophilic tracer molecule /sup 99m/Tc DTPA was used to investigate the short-term effects on lung epithelial function when smokers switched to cigarettes with lower yields of tobacco smoke constituents. Two separate studies were performed. In the first study, subjects smoked conventional mid- and low-tar cigarettes. The second study used two specially manufactured cigarettes with similar tar and nicotine yields, but differing carbon monoxide yields. Neither study demonstrated any significant improvement in /sup 99m/Tc DTPA clearance. The yields of carbon monoxide determined under standard machine smoking conditions implied that there would be a 44 percent reduction in exposure to carbon monoxide when subjects switched from smoking conventional mid-tar to low-tar cigarettes. However, measurements of carboxyhemoglobin showed that the smokers compensated for the lower yields and their exposure was reduced by only 11 percent. Similarly, in the second study, the subjects reduced their exposure by 7 percent instead of the expected 44 percent. Urine nicotine/cotinine excretion measurements in this study indicated that there was no complimentary increase in nicotine absorption suggesting the possibility that subjects may be able to regulate their intake of individual components of the cigarette smoke. Thus, the unexpected result from this study was the finding that cigarette smokers could, in some way, regulate their intake of smoke from cigarettes of different composition so as to maintain a constant exposure of smoke constituents.

Research Organization:
Clinical Research Centre, Harrow, Middlesex, England
OSTI ID:
6424831
Journal Information:
Chest; (United States), Journal Name: Chest; (United States) Vol. 4; ISSN CHETB
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Related Subjects

560306* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Man-- (-1987)
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
AEROSOLS
ALKALOIDS
AMINES
AMINO ACIDS
ANIMAL TISSUES
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM AGENTS
AZINES
AZOLES
BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BODY
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CARBON MONOXIDE
CARBON OXIDES
CARBOXYHEMOGLOBIN
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
CHALCOGENIDES
CHELATING AGENTS
CLEARANCE
COLLOIDS
DISPERSIONS
DRUGS
DTPA
EPITHELIUM
EXCRETION
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
HOURS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI
ISOMERIC TRANSITION ISOTOPES
ISOMERS
ISOTOPES
LUNG CLEARANCE
LUNGS
NICOTINE
NUCLEI
ODD-EVEN NUCLEI
ORGANIC ACIDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PARASYMPATHOLYTICS
PARASYMPATHOMIMETICS
PYRIDINES
PYRROLES
PYRROLIDINES
RADIOISOTOPES
RADIOPROTECTIVE SUBSTANCES
RENAL CLEARANCE
RESIDUES
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
SMOKES
SOLS
TECHNETIUM 99
TECHNETIUM ISOTOPES
TISSUES
TOBACCO SMOKES
YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES