GC/MS and MS/MS studies of diesel exhaust mutagenicity and emissions from chemically defined fuels

Journal Article · Fri Jun 01 00:00:00 EDT 1984 · Environ. Sci. Technol.; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/es00124a007· OSTI ID:6411017

Henderson, T R; Sun, J D; Li, A P; Hanson, R L; Bechtold, W E; Harvey, T M; Shabanowitz, J; Hunt, D F

Selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) dissolved in an aliphatic solvent (hexadecane) were utilized as fuels in a single cylinder diesel engine to examine relationships between diesel fuel aromaticity, PAH content, and the mutagenic activities associated with diesel soot. The direct-acting mutagenic response to Salmonella and the percent extractable organics associated with soot particles was 3-4-fold lower when pure hexadecane was combusted compared to reference diesel fuel. Certain PAHs (pyrene and phenanthrene) when added to aliphatic fuel caused increased emissions of the same PAH and increased nitro-PAH emissions corresponding to the parent PAHs but no increase in soot production. Other PAHs (1-methylnaphthalene, acenaphthene, and benzo(a)pyrene) increased the overall emissions of several PAHs and soot and altered patterns of nitro-PAH emissions. It was concluded that the incomplete combustion of PAHs through soot-forming mechanisms may significantly influence exhaust emissions of PAHs and nitro-PAHs from diesel engines, and the concentration on soot particles reflects both the boiling point and the relative stability of individual compounds.

• Research Organization: Inhalation Toxicology Research Inst., Albuquerque, NM
• DOE Contract Number: AC04-76EV01013
• OSTI ID: 6411017
• Journal Information: Environ. Sci. Technol.; (United States), Journal Name: Environ. Sci. Technol.; (United States) Vol. 18:6; ISSN ESTHA
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

500200 -- Environment
Atmospheric-- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport-- (-1989)
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
560302* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Microorganisms-- (-1987)
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
AROMATICS
BACTERIA
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CHROMATOGRAPHY
COMBUSTION
DATA
DIESEL ENGINES
DIESEL FUELS
ECOLOGICAL CONCENTRATION
ENGINES
EXHAUST GASES
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
FLUIDS
GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY
GASEOUS WASTES
GASES
HEAT ENGINES
HYDROCARBONS
INFORMATION
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
MASS SPECTROSCOPY
MICROORGANISMS
MUTAGEN SCREENING
NITRO COMPOUNDS
NUMERICAL DATA
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
OXIDATION
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
SALMONELLA
SCREENING
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SOOT
SPECTROSCOPY
THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES
WASTES