Altered gastric emptying and prevention of radiation-induced vomiting in dogs. [Cobalt 60 irradiation]

Journal Article · Thu Mar 01 04:00:00 EST 1984 · Gastroenterology; (United States)

OSTI ID:6407937

Dubois, A; Jacobus, J P; Grissom, M P; Eng, R R; Conklin, J J

The relation between radiation-induced vomiting and gastric emptying is unclear and the treatment of this condition is not established. We explored, therefore, (a) the effect of cobalt 60 irradiation on gastric emptying of solids and liquids and (b) the possibility of preventing radiation-induced vomiting with the dopamine antagonist, domperidone. Twenty dogs were studied on two separate days, blindly and in random order, after i.v. injection of either a placebo or 0.06 mg/kg domperidone. On a third day, they received 8 Gy (800 rads) whole body irradiation with cobalt 60 gamma-rays after either placebo (n . 10) or domperidone (n . 10). Before each study, each dog was fed chicken liver tagged in vivo with 99mTc-sulfur colloid (solid marker), and water containing 111In-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (liquid marker). Dogs were placed in a Pavlov stand for the subsequent 3 h and radionuclide imaging was performed at 10-min intervals. Irradiation produced vomiting in 9 of 10 dogs given placebo but only in 1 of 10 dogs pretreated with domperidone (p less than 0.01). Gastric emptying of liquids and solids was significantly suppressed by irradiation (p less than 0.01) after both placebo and domperidone. These results demonstrate that radiation-induced vomiting is accompanied by suppression of gastric emptying. Furthermore, domperidone prevents vomiting produced by ionizing radiation but does not alter the accompanying delay of gastric emptying.

• Research Organization: Uniformed Services Univ. of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD
• OSTI ID: 6407937
• Journal Information: Gastroenterology; (United States), Journal Name: Gastroenterology; (United States) Vol. 86:3; ISSN GASTA
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

560151* -- Radiation Effects on Animals-- Man
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BIOLOGICAL RADIATION EFFECTS
BODY
COBALT 60
COBALT ISOTOPES
COUNTING TECHNIQUES
DAYS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
DRUGS
ELECTRON CAPTURE RADIOISOTOPES
GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT
HOURS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
INDIUM 111
INDIUM ISOTOPES
INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI
INTERNAL CONVERSION RADIOISOTOPES
ISOMERIC NUCLEI
ISOMERIC TRANSITION ISOTOPES
ISOTOPES
MINUTES LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
NUCLEI
ODD-EVEN NUCLEI
ODD-ODD NUCLEI
ORGANS
RADIATION EFFECTS
RADIOINDUCTION
RADIOISOTOPE SCANNING
RADIOISOTOPES
RESPONSE MODIFYING FACTORS
STOMACH
SYMPTOMS
TECHNETIUM 99
TECHNETIUM ISOTOPES
VOMITING
YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES