Comparative phytotoxicity among four arsenical herbicides
Cacodylic acid (hydroxydimethylarsine oxide) was more phytotoxic than monosodium methanearsonate (MSMA), sodium arsenate, or sodium arsenite when foliarly-applied. MSMA was much more effective on dicotyledonous than on monocotyledonous species. Sodium arsenite and arsenate had little effect on grasses. A comparative study of absorption, transport, and metabolism in beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L. 'Black Valentine') revealed that cacodylic acid and MSMA were transported about equally from the leaves to the terminal bud and expanding leaves whereas negligible amounts of sodium arsenite and arsenate were translocated. The latter two compounds caused more rapid contact injury to the treated leaves than either organic arsenical. In beans, root-applied sodium arsenite was more phytotoxic than sodium arsenate and both were much more phytotoxic than cacodylic acid and MSMA. Arsenite caused considerable contact injury to the root system, probably accounting for its relatively great phytotoxicity. Both cacodylic acid and MSMA were more phytotoxic per mole of tissue arsenic when foliarly-applied than when root-applied.
- Research Organization:
- Univ. of California, Davis
- OSTI ID:
- 6405984
- Journal Information:
- Weed Sci.; (United States), Journal Name: Weed Sci.; (United States) Vol. 19:5; ISSN WEESA
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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