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Mechanisms and secondary factors involved in the induction of radiation transformation in vitro

Technical Report ·
OSTI ID:6401830
The long term of this research program was to gain information concerning the mechanisms that determine the carcinogenic effects of ionizing radiation, particularly high LET radiation exposure. The experimental approach involves parallel studies of the induction of malignant transformation in BALB/3T3 cells and of specific gene mutations in human lymphoblastoid cells. Emphasis was on the biologic effects of internally incorporated Auger electron emitting radionuclides and the initiation of studies to determine the effects of low dose-rate neutron exposure. Auger electron irradiation sever as a model for high LET-type radiation effects and as an experimental tool for studying the effects of radiation at specific sites within the cell. Auger-emitting radiosotopes are commonly used in clinical nuclear medicine, rendering them a potential hazard to human populations. We examined the influence of cellular localization of Auger-emitting radionuclides and the spectrum of energy distribution in DNA on their mutagenic, cytogenetic, and transformational effects. The effects of /sup 125/I (an energetic beta emitter) were compared. We studied the induction of cytogenetic changes by /sup 125/I exposure of the cell membrane, as well as its potential to promote (enhance) transformation initiated by low dose external x-ray exposure. We will investigate the Relative Biological Effectiveness for mutagenesis and transformation of low doses of fast neutrons delivered continuously at variable low dose-rates. 34 refs., 1 tab.
Research Organization:
Harvard Univ., Boston, MA (USA). School of Public Health
DOE Contract Number:
AC02-77EV04322
OSTI ID:
6401830
Report Number(s):
DOE/EV/04322-T5; ON: DE87008641
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Related Subjects

560120 -- Radiation Effects on Biochemicals
Cells
& Tissue Culture
560151 -- Radiation Effects on Animals-- Man
560161* -- Radionuclide Effects
Kinetics
& Toxicology-- Man
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ANIMAL CELLS
ANIMALS
AUGER EFFECT
BARYONS
BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BIOLOGICAL RADIATION EFFECTS
BLOOD
BLOOD CELLS
BODY FLUIDS
CARCINOGENESIS
CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS
DAYS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
ELECTRON CAPTURE RADIOISOTOPES
ELEMENTARY PARTICLES
ENERGY TRANSFER
FERMIONS
HADRONS
INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI
IODINE 125
IODINE 131
IODINE ISOTOPES
IRRADIATION
ISOTOPES
LET
LEUKOCYTES
LOW DOSE IRRADIATION
LYMPHOCYTES
MAMMALS
MAN
MATERIALS
MUTATIONS
NEUTRONS
NUCLEI
NUCLEONS
ODD-EVEN NUCLEI
PATHOGENESIS
PRIMATES
RADIATION EFFECTS
RADIOISOTOPES
RBE
SOMATIC CELLS
VERTEBRATES