Microfacies, diagenesis and porosity development in the Salem Limestone in southern Illinois
The Salem Limestone is part of the Middle Mississippian Valmeyeran Series in the Illinois basin. In southeastern Illinois, it is composed primarily of oolitic and bioclastic bars prograding across a carbonate ramp environment. A general shallowing upward sequence of environments includes: slope, foraminiferal fore bar, oolitic bar, bioclastic bar, oolitic back bar, bioclastic back bar, reworked algal flat, algal flat, and lagoon. In reality, due to the fact that a typical bar is oolitic in its central part and bioclastic at its ends, two synchronous sequences occur. Processes in the active marine environment include micritization, bioturbation, fibrous rim cementation and the formation of truncation surfaces. In the undersaturated freshwater phreatic zone, aragointic bioclasts, burrows and ooid cortices were dissolved. Within the saturated freshwater phreatic environment, sparite cementation and compaction occurred. Due to the mixing of fresh water and marine water during temporary subaerial exposure of the bar, Dorag dolomitization occurred in the slope environment. During burial partial pressure-solution formed sutured contacts and stylolites. Anhydritization, silicification, pyritization, minor fracturation, precipitation of saddle dolomite and minor calcite cement in fractures occurred during burial. Porosity and permeability vary between and within microfacies. Porosity types range from primary interparticle reduced by pressure solution and cementation to secondary porosity formed by burrow, bioclast, cement and ooid dissolution. Changes in porosity and permeability result from variations in the original lithologies and their effect on cementation, dissolution and pressure-solution. The best porosity is found in the oolitic bar.
- Research Organization:
- Univ. of Illinois, Urbana (USA)
- OSTI ID:
- 6318626
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-8510489-
- Journal Information:
- Geol. Soc. Am., Abstr. Programs; (United States), Vol. 17; Conference: 98. annual meeting of the Geological Society of America, Orlando, FL, USA, 28 Oct 1985
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
ILLINOIS
LIMESTONE
DIAGENESIS
PETROLOGY
CALCITE
CEMENTS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
DISSOLUTION
DOLOMITE
GEOLOGIC FORMATIONS
ILLINOIS BASIN
LITHOLOGY
MINERALOGY
MISSISSIPPIAN PERIOD
PERMEABILITY
POROSITY
PRECIPITATION
PYRITE
ALKALINE EARTH METAL COMPOUNDS
BUILDING MATERIALS
CALCIUM CARBONATES
CALCIUM COMPOUNDS
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CARBONATE MINERALS
CARBONATE ROCKS
CARBONATES
CHALCOGENIDES
FEDERAL REGION V
GEOLOGIC AGES
GEOLOGY
IRON COMPOUNDS
IRON SULFIDES
MAGNESIUM CARBONATES
MAGNESIUM COMPOUNDS
MATERIALS
MINERALS
NORTH AMERICA
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PALEOZOIC ERA
ROCKS
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SULFIDE MINERALS
SULFIDES
SULFUR COMPOUNDS
TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS
USA
580300* - Mineralogy
Petrology
& Rock Mechanics- (-1989)
580400 - Geochemistry- (-1989)