Reduction of exhaust smoke from gas-turbine engines by using fuel emulsions. Final report

Technical Report · Tue Oct 21 04:00:00 EDT 1980

OSTI ID:6292232

Moses, C A; Coon, C W; Altavilla, P A

Low-internal-phase ratio emulsions of water-in-fuel have been investigated for their potential in reducing exhaust smoke from gas-turbine engines. The unique mechanism is the selective vaporization of the internal phase during the period of droplet heating. Experiments were conducted in a combustor facility fabricated from T-63 engine hardware using a single-can combustor with a dual-orifice pressure atomizer. Two series of tests were performed. The initial sequence employed air flow conditions that simulated full engine power (the smokiest condition). During the experiments, the fuel specifications, water concentration, surfactant concentration, and dispersion size were varied, and measurements of exhaust smoke, combustor temperature rise, flame radiation, and combustion efficiency based upon exhaust chemistry were obtained. The initial series of experiments suggested that a 48 percent reduction in exhaust particulate concentration, based upon a correlation due to Champagne, was possible with an emulsion having a water-to-fuel ratio of 0.1. The later series of tests was oriented toward optimization of the water concentration for smoke reduction and examination of the complete engine power spectrum.

• Research Organization: Southwest Research Inst., San Antonio, TX (USA). Army Fuels and Lubricants Research Lab.
• OSTI ID: 6292232
• Report Number(s): AD-A-091777
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS
330103* -- Internal Combustion Engines-- Turbine
330700 -- Advanced Propulsion Systems-- Emission Control
AEROSOLS
AIR POLLUTION ABATEMENT
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
COLLOIDS
COMBUSTION PRODUCTS
DISPERSIONS
EMULSIONS
ENGINES
EXHAUST GASES
FLUIDS
FUELS
GAS TURBINE ENGINES
GASEOUS WASTES
GASES
HEAT ENGINES
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
POLLUTION ABATEMENT
REDUCTION
RESIDUES
SMOKES
SOLS
WASTES
WATER