Effect of shear stress and free radicals induced by ultrasound on erythrocytes
The present study was undertaken to elucidate the mechanism of hemolysis induced by ultrasound. Ar or N2O gas was used to distinguish between cavitation with or without free radical formation (hydroxyl radicals and hydrogen atoms). Free radical formation was examined by the method of spin trapping combined with ESR. After sonication of erythrocyte suspensions, several structural and functional parameters of the erythrocyte membrane--hemolysis, membrane fluidity, membrane permeability, and membrane deformability--were examined. Although free radical formation was observed in the erythrocyte suspensions sonicated in the presence of Ar, no free radical formation was observed in the presence of N2O. However, the hemolysis behavior induced by ultrasound was similar in the presence of Ar or N2O. The membrane fluidity, permeability, and deformability of the remaining unlysed erythrocytes after sonication in the presence of Ar or N2O were unchanged and identical to those of the control cells. On the other hand, after gamma irradiation (700 Gy), the hemolysis behavior was quite different from that after sonication, and the membrane properties were significantly changed. These results suggest that hemolysis induced by sonication was due to mechanical shearing stress arising from cavitation, and that the membrane integrity of the remaining erythrocytes after sonication was the same as that of control cells without sonication. The triatomic gas, N2O, may be useful for ultrasonically disrupting cells without accompanying free radical formation.
- Research Organization:
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD (USA)
- OSTI ID:
- 6276576
- Journal Information:
- Arch. Biochem. Biophys.; (United States), Journal Name: Arch. Biochem. Biophys.; (United States) Vol. 269:2; ISSN ABBIA
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Cells
& Tissue Culture
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BIOLOGICAL STRESS
BLOOD
BLOOD CELLS
BODY FLUIDS
CELL CONSTITUENTS
CELL MEMBRANES
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE
ERYTHROCYTES
GAMMA RADIATION
HEMOLYSIS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
HYDROXIDES
IONIZING RADIATIONS
LYSIS
MAGNETIC RESONANCE
MATERIALS
MEMBRANES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES
PERMEABILITY
RADIATIONS
RADICALS
RESONANCE
ULTRASONOGRAPHY