Effects of gaseous fluoride on Delicious and Golden Delicious apples

Thesis/Dissertation · Mon Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1973

OSTI ID:6263877

Young, M J

Atmospheric fluorides were monitored in apple and other fruit orchards around two adjacent sources of fluoride emissions. Delicious and Golden Delicious trees were fumigated with low (4.6-4.7 micrograms F/cu m) fluoride levels once, twice, or three times a week. However, both methods were adequate in the determination of the fluoride distribution pattern in the study area. Considerably higher levels of fluoride were detected at sampling sites downwind of the emission sources. Fluoride-induced tip necrosis on apple leaves was observed in one orchard where a mean seasonal limed filter paper value of 82.4 micrograms F/d sq m/mo and 22.5 F in the washed foliage were recorded. Tip necrosis increased as the F level and frequency of exposure increased. Leaf respiration was inhibited at the lower but not the higher F fumigation level. Fruit respiration was stimulated to equal levels by the two F concentrations used. A trend toward increased inhibition of fruit ethylene production at lower exposure factors (concentration times time) was observed. The loss of green color in the skin of treated fruits was retarded relative to an increase in the F level and the exposure frequency. With the exception of leaf respiration, where an inverse relationship was found, the degree of response with respect to leaf injury, fruit respiration, and color were directly affected by the exposure factor used. Within the scope of this study, fruit shape, firmness, and soluble solids were not affected by the treatments.

• OSTI ID: 6263877
• Resource Relation: Other Information: Thesis (Ph. D.)
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
APPLES
INJURIES
FLUORIDES
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
AIR POLLUTION
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
FRUIT TREES
INHIBITION
RESPIRATION
FLUORINE COMPOUNDS
FOOD
FRUITS
HALIDES
HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
PLANTS
POLLUTION
TREES
560303* - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology- Plants- (-1987)