Branch induction in spur-type Delicious apple nursery trees
Long sylleptic shoots produced on apple trees in the nursery result in increased early yields once the trees are planted in the orchard. Spur-type Delicious trees do not naturally produce branches in the nursery. To achieve branched spur-type Delicious trees, applications of combinations of growth regulators benzyladenine (BA) and gibberellic acid 4 + 7 (GA) and leaf removal (LR) techniques were tested. Spacings of 15, 25, 35, and 45 cm and MM.106, M.7, M.26 and seedling rootstocks were tested for their effects on branching. Carbon partitioning changes caused by these treatments were evaluated by dry weight analysis and for benzyladenine, leaf removal and tipping treatments by {sup 14}C-photoassimilate labelling. Possible involvement of roots produced cytokinins was examined by {sup 14}C-benzyladenine labeling through the xylem and by analyzing relationships between root mass and branching characteristics. Although partitioning of {sup 14}C-photoassimilate was increased to the top of the plant by BA sprays, and to the bottom of the plant by LR and tipping for up to six days after treatment, final plant weights were not different. No relationship between branching and root mass or {sup 14}C-benzyladenine mobilization was found. This evidence indicates branched trees possessed no greater dry weight than unbranched trees, only a redistribution of the dry weight into a form more suited to early fruit production in high density planting systems.
- Research Organization:
- Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA (USA)
- OSTI ID:
- 5600995
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
553000* -- Agriculture & Food Technology
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES
APPLES
BIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS
CARBON 14 COMPOUNDS
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
ESTERS
FOOD
FRUIT TREES
FRUITS
FUNCTIONS
GIBBERELLIC ACID
GROWTH
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
HYDROXY ACIDS
ISOTOPE APPLICATIONS
KININS
LABELLED COMPOUNDS
LACTONES
LEAVES
ORGANIC ACIDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
PEPTIDES
PLANT GROWTH
PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
PLANT STEMS
PLANTS
POLYPEPTIDES
PRODUCTIVITY
PROTEINS
TRACER TECHNIQUES
TREES