Postreceptor defects causing insulin resistance in normoinsulinemic non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
The mechanisms of the diminished hypoglycemic response to insulin in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) with normal levels of circulating plasma insulin were investigated. Specific binding of mono-/sup 125/I (Tyr A14)-insulin to isolated adipocytes and effects of insulin (5--10,000 microunits/ml) on glucose oxidation and lipolysis were determined simultaneously in subcutaneous adipose tissue of seven healthy subjects of normal weight and seven untreated NIDDM patients with normal plasma insulin levels. The two groups were matched for age, sex, and body weight. Insulin binding, measured in terms of receptor number and affinity, was normal in NIDDM, the total number of receptors averaging 350,000 per cell. Neither sensitivity nor the maximum antilipolytic effect of insulin was altered in NIDDM patients as compared with control subjects; the insulin concentration producing half the maximum effect (ED50) was 10 microunits/ml. As regards the effect of insulin on glucose oxidation, for the control subjects ED50 was 30 microunits/ml, whereas in NIDDM patients, insulin exerted no stimulatory effect. The results obtained suggest that the effect of insulin on glucose utilization in normoinsulinemic NIDDM may be diminished in spite of normal insulin binding to receptors. The resistance may be due solely to postreceptor defects, and does not involve antilipolysis.
- Research Organization:
- Department of Medicine and the Research Center, Huddinge Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
- OSTI ID:
- 6255063
- Journal Information:
- Diabetes; (United States), Journal Name: Diabetes; (United States) Vol. 31:10; ISSN DIAEA
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Similar Records
Dissociation of in vitro sensitivities of glucose transport and antilipolysis to insulin in NIDDM
Prevalence and clinical characterization of Japanese diabetes mellitus with an A-to-G mutation at nucleotide 3243 of the mitochondrial tRNA{sup Leu (UUR)} gene
Related Subjects
551001* -- Physiological Systems-- Tracer Techniques
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
ADIPOSE TISSUE
ALDEHYDES
ANIMAL TISSUES
BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS
BODY
CARBOHYDRATES
CHEMICAL BONDS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
CONNECTIVE TISSUE
DAYS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
DIABETES MELLITUS
DISEASES
ELECTRON CAPTURE RADIOISOTOPES
ENDOCRINE DISEASES
FUNCTIONS
GLUCOSE
HEXOSES
HORMONES
INSULIN
INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI
IODINE 125
IODINE ISOTOPES
ISOTOPES
LABELLED COMPOUNDS
METABOLIC DISEASES
METABOLISM
MONOSACCHARIDES
NUCLEI
ODD-EVEN NUCLEI
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OXIDATION
PATIENTS
PEPTIDE HORMONES
QUANTITY RATIO
RADIOISOTOPES
RECEPTORS
SACCHARIDES
TISSUES