Hepatic radiation injury in the rat

Journal Article · Tue Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1991 · Radiation Research; (USA)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.2307/3577983· OSTI ID:6245252

Geraci, J P; Mariano, M S; Jackson, K L ^[1]

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1. Univ. of Washington, Seattle (USA)

The whole livers of rats were exposed intraoperatively to graded doses (0 to 75 Gy) of {sup 137}Cs gamma radiation. At various times (0 to 155 days) after liver irradiation, minimally invasive, nondestructive tests (rose bengal retention and plasma alkaline phosphatase, glutamic-oxaloacetic acid transaminase, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase) were performed on at least half the surviving animals in each dose group to assess developing liver injury. Liver histology was done on animals sacrificed 96 to 100 days after irradiation. Radiation damage to the stomach killed approximately 50% of the animals 30 to 60 days after exposure to doses of 25 Gy or higher. These deaths were significantly reduced when care was taken to shield the stomach during irradiation. Stomach injury did not, however, appreciably affect liver function as measured by rose bengal retention. Whole-liver irradiation to 15 Gy resulted in reduced liver size and minimal histological changes, but did not result in increased rose bengal retention or plasma alkaline phosphatase concentration. The next highest dose group studied (25 Gy) showed significant histological abnormalities and liver injury as measured by increased rose bengal retention and liver enzymes. The latent period for development of hepatic injury, as measured by increased rose bengal retention, was 35 to 42 days and was relatively invariant over the 25- to 75-Gy dose range. Hepatic vein lesions and cellular necrosis were the most prominent histological lesions observed in 25-Gy-irradiated liver.

• OSTI ID: 6245252
• Journal Information: Radiation Research; (USA), Journal Name: Radiation Research; (USA) Vol. 125:1; ISSN 0033-7587; ISSN RAREA
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

560152* -- Radiation Effects on Animals-- Animals
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ALKALI METAL ISOTOPES
ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE
AMINOTRANSFERASES
ANIMALS
BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BIOLOGICAL RADIATION EFFECTS
BODY
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
CESIUM 137
CESIUM ISOTOPES
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
DOSES
DYES
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
ENZYMES
ESTERASES
GAMMA RADIATION
GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT
GLANDS
HYDROLASES
HYDROXY ACIDS
INDICATORS
IONIZING RADIATIONS
ISOTOPES
LIVER
MAMMALS
NITROGEN TRANSFERASES
NUCLEI
ODD-EVEN NUCLEI
ORGANIC ACIDS
ORGANIC CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC IODINE COMPOUNDS
ORGANS
PHOSPHATASES
RADIATION DOSES
RADIATION EFFECTS
RADIATIONS
RADIOISOTOPES
RATS
REAGENTS
RODENTS
ROSE BENGAL
STOMACH
TRANSFERASES
VERTEBRATES
YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES