Metabolic activation of organic extracts from diesel, coke oven, roofing tar, and cigarette smoke emissions in the Ames Assay

Journal Article · Tue Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1985 · Environ. Mutagen.; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/em.2860070408· OSTI ID:6240472

Williams, K; Lewtas, J

Four environmental emissions samples were ranked by their genotoxic potency in several bioassays. Although the relative potency of a series of automotive emissions (diesel and gasoline) in the Ames assay correlated well with the relative potency in mammalian cell and mouse skin, this was not the case for the coke oven, roofing tar, and cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) emissions. This study examines the role of metabolic activation in determining the difference between a microbial and a mammalian bioassay in ranking the genotoxic potency of these environmental emissions. Uninduced and Aroclor 1254-induced S9 from both rat and hamster liver were compared as the metabolic activator in the Ames assay with Salmonella typhimurium TA98. The diesel emissions sample was direct-acting while the other samples required activation. The standard S9 concentration also produced the maximum mutagenic activity. The relative potency of these four samples was not significantly different between the microbial (Ames), mammalian cell (mouse lymphoma), and tumor initiation (mouse skin) assays. These results suggest that the differences observed between the relative mutagenic activity of these emissions in the mammalian cell and microbial assays was not due to a lack of optimization of the S9 system but may be inherent in the different response of the indicator cells to different chemical classes.

• Research Organization: Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC
• OSTI ID: 6240472
• Journal Information: Environ. Mutagen.; (United States), Journal Name: Environ. Mutagen.; (United States) Vol. 7:4; ISSN ENMUD
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

560302* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Microorganisms-- (-1987)
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
AEROSOLS
ANIMAL CELLS
ANIMALS
BACTERIA
BODY
COKE
COLLOIDS
DIESEL FUELS
DISEASES
DISPERSIONS
EXHAUST GASES
FLUIDS
GASEOUS WASTES
GASES
HAMSTERS
LIVER CELLS
LYMPHOMAS
MAMMALS
METABOLIC ACTIVATION
MICROORGANISMS
MUTAGEN SCREENING
MUTAGENS
NEOPLASMS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANS
OTHER ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OVEN COKE
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
RATS
RESIDUES
RODENTS
SALMONELLA
SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM
SCREENING
SKIN
SMOKES
SOLS
SOMATIC CELLS
TAR
TOBACCO SMOKES
VERTEBRATES
WASTES