High-pressure homogeneous hydrogenation of carbon monoxide in polar and nonpolar solvents
Batch reactor tests were conducted on the hydrogenation of carbon monoxide in toluene or N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) catalyzed by metal carbonyl, metal acetyl acetonate, or chloroplatinic acid at 200/sup 0/-280/sup 0/C and 800-2600 bar. In NMP, the activities decreased in the order: Rh > Ru > Ir > Co, Pt > Fe > Ni > Pd, Os. In toluene, the activities decreased in the order: Co > Ru > Rh > Pt > Ir > Ni > Pd > Fe, Os. The selectivities varied with catalyst, e.g., at 230/sup 0/ and 2000 bar the main product of iridium carbonyl/NMP was methanol with 81% selectivity, of ruthenium carbonyl/toluene it was methyl formate with 40.5% selectivity, and with cobalt carbonyl/NMP, it was methyl acetate with 28.9% selectivity. Ethylene glycol was produced with cobalt carbonyl/toluene with 25.1% selectivity and with Rh(CO)/sub 2/(acac) with 44.4% selectivity. The production of ethylene glycol with CO/sub 2/(CO)/sub 8/ in toluene increased with increasing pressure, decreasing temperature, and increasing catalyst concentration, and was independent of hydrogen/carbon dioxide ratios at 0.5:1 to 2:1. The glycol separated from the toluene as a nearly catalyst-free phase. The reaction mechanisms are discussed.
- Research Organization:
- Tech. Hochsch. Aachen
- OSTI ID:
- 6205666
- Journal Information:
- J. Catal.; (United States), Journal Name: J. Catal.; (United States) Vol. 61:2; ISSN JCTLA
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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10 SYNTHETIC FUELS
ACETATES
ALCOHOLS
ALKYLATED AROMATICS
AMIDES
AROMATICS
AZOLES
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CARBON DIOXIDE
CARBON MONOXIDE
CARBON OXIDES
CARBONYLS
CARBOXYLIC ACID SALTS
CATALYTIC EFFECTS
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMICAL REACTION KINETICS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CHEMICAL REACTORS
COBALT
DATA
ELEMENTS
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
FORMATES
GLYCOLS
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
HIGH PRESSURE
HIGH TEMPERATURE
HYDROCARBONS
HYDROGEN
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
HYDROGENATION
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
INFORMATION
INORGANIC ACIDS
IRIDIUM
IRON
KINETICS
LACTAMS
METALS
METHANOL
NICKEL
NONMETALS
NUMERICAL DATA
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
OSMIUM
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PALLADIUM
PLATINUM
PLATINUM METALS
PRESSURE EFFECTS
PYRROLES
PYRROLIDONES
QUANTITY RATIO
REACTION KINETICS
RHENIUM
RUTHENIUM
SOLVENTS
SPECIFICITY
TEMPERATURE EFFECTS
TESTING
TOLUENE
TRANSITION ELEMENTS
VERY HIGH PRESSURE