Pathologic response of the lung to irritant gases
Journal Article
·
· Veterinary and Human Toxicology; (USA)
OSTI ID:6143239
- Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (USA)
The pathologic response of the lung to irritant gases ranges from the acute exudative phase through the subacute proliferative phase to the chronic fibrosing phase. These responses are based on damage to the Type I cells, and possibly endothelial cells, and the subsequent proliferative and repair processes in the surviving animals. Responses to high dose exposures appear at the microscopic level as exudation of protein rich fluids into alveoli (alveolar edema) and subsequent death due to anoxia. Physiologically, this could be described as a mismatch of ventilation with perfusion, resulting in impaired gas exchange. Animals surviving this acute exudative phase resolve the alveolar edema to fibrin, and Type II cells become hypertrophic and hyperplastic in the process of replacing the damaged Type I cells. The acute and subacute responses also elicit inflammatory changes in the interstitium of the lung that may progress to fibrosis in the chronic stage of a survivable exposure. Diagnostic cases in livestock involving irritant gases reflect similar toxic injuries to the lung.
- OSTI ID:
- 6143239
- Journal Information:
- Veterinary and Human Toxicology; (USA), Journal Name: Veterinary and Human Toxicology; (USA) Vol. 32:6; ISSN 0145-6296; ISSN VHTOD
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
560300* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ALDEHYDES
ANIMAL TISSUES
ANIMALS
ANOXIA
BODY
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CARBON DIOXIDE
CARBON OXIDES
CELL PROLIFERATION
CHALCOGENIDES
DOMESTIC ANIMALS
ENDOTHELIUM
FIBROSIS
FORMALDEHYDE
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
HYDROGEN SULFIDES
LUNGS
MAMMALS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
SENSITIVITY
SULFIDES
SULFUR COMPOUNDS
SWINE
TISSUES
TOXICITY
VERTEBRATES
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ALDEHYDES
ANIMAL TISSUES
ANIMALS
ANOXIA
BODY
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CARBON DIOXIDE
CARBON OXIDES
CELL PROLIFERATION
CHALCOGENIDES
DOMESTIC ANIMALS
ENDOTHELIUM
FIBROSIS
FORMALDEHYDE
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
HYDROGEN SULFIDES
LUNGS
MAMMALS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
SENSITIVITY
SULFIDES
SULFUR COMPOUNDS
SWINE
TISSUES
TOXICITY
VERTEBRATES