Charged-particle spectra: 90 MeV protons on /sup 27/Al, /sup 58/Ni, /sup 90/Zr, and /sup 209/Bi
Complete charged light-particle (Z < or = 2, A < or = 4) energy spectra were measured for 90 MeV protons on /sup 27/Al, /sup 58/Ni, /sup 90/Zr, and /sup 209/Bi and 100 MeV protons on /sup 58/Ni. The energy spectra show a strong angular dependence and the spectral shapes at a given angle for the same particle type are similar in the high-energy continuum for all target nuclei. The non-equilibrium, charged light-particle yields show an A/sup 1/3/ dependence and are approximately given by (200 +- 10) A/sup 1/3/(mb). One striking feature is the similarity of the shapes of the p, d, and t spectra, if the spectra are shifted by an appropriate binding energy. The relative intensity is approximately p:d:t 1:1/10:1/100 at all angles. In the backward directions (theta > or = 140/sup 0/) the spectra exhibit characteristic evaporation behavior with approximately the same slope for each target nucleus for a given observed particle. The slopes of the evaporation peaks (corresponding to a temperature of 2--3 MeV) for the different particle type are also rather similar. The experimental results were analyzed within the framework of the pre-equilibrium exciton model together with the evaporation theory. The pre-equilibrium exciton model using a 2p-1h initial configuration generally reproduces the experimental angle-integrated energy spectra reasonably well in shape, but underestimates especially the proton yield in the region of high-energy continuums
- Research Organization:
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Maryland College Park, Maryland
- OSTI ID:
- 6134020
- Journal Information:
- Phys. Rev., C; (United States), Journal Name: Phys. Rev., C; (United States) Vol. 19:3; ISSN PRVCA
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS
ALUMINIUM 27 TARGET
ANGULAR DISTRIBUTION
BARYON REACTIONS
BINDING ENERGY
BISMUTH 209 TARGET
CHARGED PARTICLES
CHARGED-PARTICLE REACTIONS
CROSS SECTIONS
DIFFERENTIAL CROSS SECTIONS
DISTRIBUTION
ENERGY
ENERGY RANGE
ENERGY SPECTRA
EVAPORATION MODEL
EVEN-ODD NUCLEI
HADRON REACTIONS
HELIUM 3
HELIUM ISOTOPES
ISOTOPES
LIGHT NUCLEI
MATHEMATICAL MODELS
MEV RANGE
MEV RANGE 10-100
NICKEL 58 TARGET
NUCLEAR MODELS
NUCLEAR REACTIONS
NUCLEI
NUCLEON REACTIONS
PRECOMPOUND-NUCLEUS EMISSION
PROTON REACTIONS
SPECTRA
STABLE ISOTOPES
TARGETS
ZIRCONIUM 90 TARGET