Sludge dewatering for FGD products. Final report
Six full-scale desulfurization systems including three lime scrubbing and three limestone scrubbing facilities were evaluated to determine dewatering characteristics of the waste sludges produced. Pilot-scale centrifugation and bench-scale thickening and filtration tests were performed to determine equipment design and sizing criteria. Sludge samples taken during the dewatering studies were evaluated for physical properties to determine their usefulness as fill or foundation support. Because of the poor structural properties measured, none of the sludge are recommended for structural fill or pavement sub-base without sludge fixation. Many of the dewatering characteristics of the sludges can be related to particle size distribution, which in turn is a result of the process design used to produce the sludges. Better dewatering characteristics are obtained for sludges containing high fly ash concentrations or with high sulfate/sulfite ratios. However, the variations in sludge dewatering characteristics measured in this study are not completely explained by fly ash concentrations and sulfate/sulfite ratios alone. Therefore, other process variables not extensively studied in this phase of the project must have significant influence on dewatering characteristics. Cost estimates for dewatering the six types of sludges included in this study are presented. Capital costs, operating costs and thirty-year levelized revenue rerequirements are included. Levelized revenue requirements for thickening range from $0.50 to $2.35 per metric ton of dry solids ($0.45 to $2.13 per short ton of dry solids). Filtration and centrifugation costs are in the same approximate range, but must be evaluated on a case-by-case basis due to the impact of different installation costs.
- Research Organization:
- Envirotech Corp., Salt Lake City, UT (USA)
- OSTI ID:
- 6026980
- Report Number(s):
- EPRI-FP-937
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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