Alterations in particle accumulation and clearance in lungs of rats chronically exposed to diesel exhaust

Journal Article · Wed Jul 01 04:00:00 EDT 1987 · Fundam. Appl. Toxicol.; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/0272-0590(87)90162-X· OSTI ID:6016851

Wolff, R K; Henderson, R F; Snipes, M B; Griffith, W C; Mauderly, J L; Cuddihy, R G; McClellan, R O

F344 rats were chronically exposed to diesel exhaust at target soot concentrations of 0 (control, C), 0.35 (low, L), 3.5 (medium, M), and 7.0 (high, H) mg/m3. Accumulated lung burdens of diesel soot were measured after 6, 12, 18, and 24 months of exposure. Parallel measurements of particle deposition and clearance were made to provide insight into the mechanisms of particle accumulation in lungs. The fractional deposition of inhaled /sup 67/Ga/sub 2/O/sub 3/ particles after 6, 12, 18, and 24 months of exposure and of inhaled /sup 134/Cs-fused aluminosilicate particles after 24 months were similar for all groups. Progressive increases in lung burdens of soot particles were observed in M and H exposed rats, reaching levels of 11.5 +/- 0.5 and 20.5 +/- 0.8 mg/lung (mean +/- SE), respectively, after 24 months. Rats in the L group had smaller relative increases in lung burden, reaching levels of 0.60 +/- 0.02 mg/lung after 24 months. Tracheal mucociliary clearance measurements, using 99mTc-macroaggregated albumin deposited in the trachea, showed no changes at anytime. There were statistically significant increases in clearance half-times of inhaled radiolabeled particles of /sup 67/Ga/sub 2/O/sub 3/ as early as 6 months at the H level and 18 months at the M level; no significant changes were seen at the L level. Rats inhaled fused aluminosilicate particles labeled with /sup 134/Cs after 24 months of diesel exhaust exposure to measure long-term components of pulmonary clearance. The long-term clearance half-times were 79 +/- 5, 81 +/- 5, 264 +/- 50, and 240 +/- 50 days (mean +/- SE) for the C, L, M, and H groups, respectively. Differences were significant between the C and both the M and H exposure groups (p less than 0.01).

• Research Organization: Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM
• OSTI ID: 6016851
• Journal Information: Fundam. Appl. Toxicol.; (United States), Journal Name: Fundam. Appl. Toxicol.; (United States) Vol. 9:1; ISSN FAATD
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

550501 -- Metabolism-- Tracer Techniques
560300* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ALBUMINS
ALKALI METAL ISOTOPES
ANIMALS
BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BIOLOGICAL ACCUMULATION
BIOLOGICAL HALF-LIFE
BODY BURDEN
CESIUM 134
CESIUM ISOTOPES
CHRONIC EXPOSURE
CLEARANCE
DAYS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
DIESEL ENGINES
ELECTRON CAPTURE RADIOISOTOPES
ENGINES
EXCRETION
EXHAUST GASES
FLUIDS
GALLIUM 67
GALLIUM ISOTOPES
GASEOUS WASTES
GASES
HEAT ENGINES
HOURS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
INTERNAL CONVERSION RADIOISOTOPES
ISOMERIC NUCLEI
ISOMERIC TRANSITION ISOTOPES
ISOTOPE APPLICATIONS
ISOTOPES
LUNG CLEARANCE
MAMMALS
METABOLISM
NUCLEI
ODD-EVEN NUCLEI
ODD-ODD NUCLEI
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
PARTICLES
PARTICULATES
PROTEINS
RADIOISOTOPES
RATS
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
RODENTS
TECHNETIUM 99
TECHNETIUM ISOTOPES
TRACER TECHNIQUES
TRACHEA
VERTEBRATES
WASTES
YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES