Assessment of radiation doses from residential smoke detectors that contain americium-241
External dose equivalents and internal dose commitments were estimated for individuals and populations from annual distribution, use, and disposal of 10 million ionization chamber smoke detectors that contain 110 kBq (3 ..mu..Ci) americium-241 each. Under exposure scenarios developed for normal distribution, use, and disposal using the best available information, annual external dose equivalents to average individuals were estimated to range from 4 fSv (0.4 prem) to 20 nSv (2 ..mu..rem) for total body and from 7 fSv to 40 nSv for bone. Internal dose commitments to individuals under post disposal scenarios were estimated to range from 0.006 to 80 ..mu..Sv (0.0006 to 8 mrem) to total body and from 0.06 to 800 ..mu..Sv to bone. The total collective dose (the sum of external dose equivalents and 50-year internal dose commitments) for all individuals involved with distribution, use, or disposal of 10 million smoke detectors was estimated to be about 0.38 person-Sv (38 person-rem) to total body and 00 ft/sup 2/).
- Research Organization:
- Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (USA)
- DOE Contract Number:
- W-7405-ENG-26
- OSTI ID:
- 5999867
- Report Number(s):
- ORNL-5807; ON: DE82002515
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
500300* -- Environment
Atmospheric-- Radioactive Materials Monitoring & Transport-- (-1989)
510300 -- Environment
Terrestrial-- Radioactive Materials Monitoring & Transport-- (-1989)
520300 -- Environment
Aquatic-- Radioactive Materials Monitoring & Transport-- (1989)
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
560151 -- Radiation Effects on Animals-- Man
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ACTINIDE ISOTOPES
ACTINIDE NUCLEI
ALPHA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
AMERICIUM 241
AMERICIUM ISOTOPES
DATA
DATA COMPILATION
DISTRIBUTION
DOSE EQUIVALENTS
DOSES
FORECASTING
HEAVY NUCLEI
HUMAN POPULATIONS
INFORMATION
ISOTOPES
MANAGEMENT
MONITORING
NUCLEI
NUMERICAL DATA
ODD-EVEN NUCLEI
PERSONNEL
POPULATIONS
RADIATION DOSES
RADIATION MONITORING
RADIOACTIVITY
RADIOISOTOPES
SMOKE DETECTORS
WASTE DISPOSAL
WASTE MANAGEMENT
YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
Atmospheric-- Radioactive Materials Monitoring & Transport-- (-1989)
510300 -- Environment
Terrestrial-- Radioactive Materials Monitoring & Transport-- (-1989)
520300 -- Environment
Aquatic-- Radioactive Materials Monitoring & Transport-- (1989)
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
560151 -- Radiation Effects on Animals-- Man
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ACTINIDE ISOTOPES
ACTINIDE NUCLEI
ALPHA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
AMERICIUM 241
AMERICIUM ISOTOPES
DATA
DATA COMPILATION
DISTRIBUTION
DOSE EQUIVALENTS
DOSES
FORECASTING
HEAVY NUCLEI
HUMAN POPULATIONS
INFORMATION
ISOTOPES
MANAGEMENT
MONITORING
NUCLEI
NUMERICAL DATA
ODD-EVEN NUCLEI
PERSONNEL
POPULATIONS
RADIATION DOSES
RADIATION MONITORING
RADIOACTIVITY
RADIOISOTOPES
SMOKE DETECTORS
WASTE DISPOSAL
WASTE MANAGEMENT
YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES