Symposium cellular response to DNA damage the role of poly(ADP-ribose) poly(ADP-ribose) in the cellular response to DNA damage
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase is a chromatin-bound enzyme which, on activation by DNA strand breaks, catalyzes the successive transfer of ADP-ribose units from NAD to nuclear proteins. Poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis is stimulated by DNA strand breaks, and the polymer may alter the structure and/or function of chromosomal proteins to facilitate the DNA repair process. Inhibitors of Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase or deficiencies of the substrate, NAD, lead to retardation of the DNA repair process. When DNA strand breaks are extensive or when breaks fail to be repaired, the stimulus for activation of Poly(ADP-ribose) persists and the activated enzyme is capable of totaly consuming cellular pools of NAD. Depletion of NAD and consequent lowering of cellular ATP pools, due to activation of Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, may account for rapid cell death before DNA repair takes place and before the genetic effects of DNA damage become manifest.
- Research Organization:
- Case Western Reserve Univ. School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
- OSTI ID:
- 5930571
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-8403123-
- Journal Information:
- Radiat. Res.; (United States), Vol. 101:1; Conference: 32. annual scientific meeting of Radiation Research Society, Orlando, FL, USA, 1 Mar 1984
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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CARBON 14 COMPOUNDS
TRACER TECHNIQUES
DNA
BIOSYNTHESIS
NITROSO COMPOUNDS
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
STRAND BREAKS
DNA REPAIR
RADIOINDUCTION
TRITIUM COMPOUNDS
ENZYME INHIBITORS
NAD
POLYMERASES
RIBOSE
ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION
XP CELLS
ALDEHYDES
ANIMAL CELLS
BIOLOGICAL RECOVERY
BIOLOGICAL REPAIR
CARBOHYDRATES
COENZYMES
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
ENZYMES
ISOTOPE APPLICATIONS
LABELLED COMPOUNDS
MONOSACCHARIDES
NUCLEIC ACIDS
NUCLEOTIDES
NUCLEOTIDYLTRANSFERASES
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
PENTOSES
PHOSPHORUS-GROUP TRANSFERASES
RADIATIONS
RECOVERY
REPAIR
SACCHARIDES
SYNTHESIS
TRANSFERASES
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